320 CLASS AVES. • 



Charad. Gavia. Licht. and Vanellus jEgyptius, 

 Hempr. 



Van. Cinctus. 

 Less, and Garn. Voy. dvi Duperey, pi. 43. 



Head, back, wings, rump, and tail, brown-asli and 

 brownish ; throat, cheeks, and forehead, grey ; above 

 the eyes a white band ; chest, ochreous, separated 

 from the white belly by a black band. Malouine 

 Island. The Tringa Urvilii of Garnet. The Van. 

 Flavipes. Savigny, Egypt. Ois. pi. 6. f. 3. The 

 Charad. Spinosus of Lin. according to Lischt. 



Ch. Cei/curuSy Lichst. Savig. 

 Ois. Egypt, t. 6, f. 2. 



Red ash ; tail, rump, belly, vent, lower wing-coverts, 

 and secondaries, white ; primaries and base of wing- 

 coverts, black ; chest, bluish-white. Egypt, Nubia, 

 and Tartaria. 



Ch. Modestus, Licht. 



Ash-brown; throat, belly, and outer tail feathers, 

 white ; forehead, eyebrows, and sides of neck, grey ; 

 chest, clouded ; vent and thighs, reddish-ash ; quills, 

 rump, and middle of tail, brown. Length, nine and 

 a half inches. Tarsus, sixteen lines. Brazil. 



There are also in the hot climates some species of 

 lapwing, whose wings are armed with one or two 

 spurs, and others which have at the bottom of the 

 bill fleshy appendages or caruncles. Their tarsi are 

 shielded. These birds are very importunate by their 

 cry at the least noise which they hear ; they defend 

 themselves with courage against birds of prey. They 

 live in open countries. 



