NYMPH ALIN^E. (Gronp yrMPHAiixd.) 167 



" when frightened it invariably settles, as far as I have noticed, with closed wings 

 on a twig or branch. It sometimes, as Elwes points out, settles with open wino-s, 

 but on these occasions it has, I feel sure, no thought of enemies. It is particularly 

 fond of the juice from the bark of certain trees, and eagerly sips up the sut>-ar of 

 moth collectors. Stale beer, also old beer casks, are an irresistible attraction to 

 these butterflies. Mr. Gr. C. Dudgeon has bred the larva, in Bhotan, on a common 

 blue-flowered plant named Strobilanthes capitahts" (Sikkim Gaz. 1894, 140). Col. 

 C. Swinhoe has received numerous specimens from the Khasias, and refers to them 

 as being "identical with the Burmese form, E. Limhorgii" (Tr. Eut. Soc. 1893. 

 289). In Orissa, according to Mr. W. C. Taylor, " it is common in the Mais at 

 Khurda" (List, p. 6, 1888). A female is in Col. Swinhoe's collection from 

 Pachmarhi, Central Provinces, taken in August by Mr. J. A. Betham, who states 

 that it is " found fairly common down in the Khuds and ravines about this 

 Sanatorium " (Journ. Bombay N. H, S. 1890, 284). Mr. de Niceville records it as 

 having been taken by Mr. AV. Doherty on the Eastern Ghafcs north of the Godavery " 

 (Butt. India, ii. 261). 



Life Histoet. — " August 22nd, 1894 : — Saw seven ova laid, in the Bhutan 

 Hills at 1800 feet elevation, on the leaves of different plants of Giradinia heterophylla, 

 Polygonum orientalis, and Strobilanthes capitatus. Eggs not particularly large for so 

 large a butterfly ; colour dark green, round, ribbed vertically with creamy-yellow. 

 August 27th to 29th. — Larvx emerged. Head black and shining ; body dark brown, 

 shiny, with two dorsal and two lateral rows of warts, each wart bearing a stiff black 

 hair, the anterior warts bearing three hairs. These are real hairs, not spines, as 

 appears clearly under a microscope ; head not hairy. LarvEe grow very fast at 

 this stage, and feed on the Strobilanthes capitatus. August 31st. — First moult. 

 Verticillate spines now appear instead of hairs ; also two long spines on the head, 

 which did not exist in the first stage. Colour shiny-black. Larva ahnost exactly 

 resembles that of Pareba vesta, for which doubtless they have been taken, thereby 

 remaining undiscovered until now. September 3rd. — Second moult. Spines on 

 second segment very short and small ; both subdorsal series of spines yellowish- 

 buff at the base ; a dorsal row of spines from the fifth segment, shorter than the 

 subdorsal ones, not yellowish-buff at the base ; two last segments with a transparent 

 appearance. September Sth..— Third moult. Same as second. Spines long, and 

 eleven in number ; bases of subdorsal spines orange-yellow ; the second out of 

 line ; dorsal and two lateral rows of spines long, two small spines just above the 

 legs on each side. When the skin is just shed, the spines are very short, and 

 the larva combs them out with its mandibles and anterior legs. The long spines 

 on the head are truncated, and grow in much the same way as do a butterfly's 

 ■wings when just emerged from the pupa. At first they are hardly apparent, but 



