172 LEPIDOPTERA IiXDICA. 



Habitat. — "Western Ghats ; Bombay ; S. India, 



Distribution, Habits, etc. — Kollar states that Hugel's specimens of HorsfiehUi 

 were from the Himalayas. This is, doubtless, an erroneous locality; " Scind Hills," 

 given as the locality of K. DouUedayi, is also very doubtful. All the specimens we 

 have examined are from the Southern Hills. It has been taken on the Matheran 

 Hill, near Bombay, by Mr. Newton, and by Dr. J. D. Smith. Col. C. Swinhoe 

 obtained it at " Poona in August, and on the Khandalla Ghats in August, being a 

 very difficult insect to capture, as it keeps to the tops of the trees on the slopes of 

 the Hills " (P. Z. S. ]885, 129). Dr. A. Leith took it at Belgaum. Mr. P. Crowley 

 has a male of the dry-season form from Karwar, another from Khandalla taken in 

 October, and a female of wet-season form also from Karwar, also a male from 

 N. Kanara, taken by Mr. Wise in July, We possess dry-season male and female 

 from Koonoor, Nilgiris, and Travancore, and wet-season male also from the Nilgiris. 

 Mr. E. H. Aitken says, " I believe this butterfly is fairly common in every well- 

 wooded part of the N. Kanara District. It appears chiefly in March, April, and 

 May, when dead leaves are about, and haunts dry nullahs and ravines, flashing into 

 sight suddenly and as rapidly disappearing into a tree, where, after long and cautious 

 peering you (fail to) discover it sitting motionless on the trunk, inaccessible to your 

 net. When you do catch one it is broken, I suppose their habit of settling in the 

 interior of a tree, upon the trunk or lower branches, tends to break their wings. 

 According to the Eev, A. B. Watson, of Poona, this, and several other butterflies, 

 which most successfully defy the net, may be captured wholesale at ' sugar.' He had 

 sugared some trees for moths without success, but passing afterwards by daylight, 

 he found that they had become the rendezvous for half a dozen species of butterflies, 

 of which he took as many as he pleased, the present species, in particular, being so 

 infatuated or so drunk that it allowed itself to be taken with the fingers " (Journ. 

 Bombay K H. S. 1886, 132). "We found one larva of this butterfly in July on 

 Karvi {Strobilanfhes), and after careful examination, discovering nothing except its 

 colour to distinguish it from Hi/pnlwuias holiiia, decided that it must be a larva of 

 the large form of that butterfly. The likeness of the pupa to that of bolina was still 

 more exact, and the emergence of a beautiful Kallima took us completely by 

 surprise" (J. Davidson and B. H. Aitken, id. I.e. 1890, 277). "We have only one 

 species of Kallima in the N. Kanara District. It is a very variable butterfly, and 

 the wet and dry-season forms are as different as Junonia Asterte and Almana. The 

 wet form is small, dark green tinted above and fairly ocellated on the underside, 

 with the apex of forewing scarcely produced at all. The dry form is large, pale on 

 the upperside, very variable on the underside, but without a trace of ocellation, and 

 has the apex produced into a point which is sometimes quite a quarter of an inch in 

 length ; the hyaline marks may be present in either form. The butterfly is very 



