NTMPIIALIN^E. ,G:^uv AUGTNmxA.) 239 



Female. Upporside either paler or darker fulvous thau in male, the base nioi'e 

 or less dusky olivescent-fulvous, with simihir black narrow markings, or either pale 

 or rich deep fulvous and very dusky olive-bro-wn basal areas, with broader black 

 diffusedly-bordered markings and veins. Underside as in the male; the hindwing in 

 some specimens having the silvery-white spots generally somewhat larger and more 

 distinctly black-edged. 



Expanse, c? 2 to 2i^o= ? 2^*0 to 3 inches. 



Habitat. — North -Western Himalayas. 



Distribution. — " Taken only at Cheeni in Kunawur, in the Himalayas, at 10,000 

 feet elevation, flying fast over the meadows, and pitching on tall blossoms of 

 Grnciferx" (Capt. A. M. Lang, But. Mo. Mag. 1864, 131). " It is very common in 

 Upper Kunawur ; not appearing in Lower Kuuawnr. It is a companion to A. Kamala, 

 but only for some tweuty miles of its furthest northern range, appearing first on the 

 meadows of Cheeni, the finest village of Kunawur, this and the next tea miles appear 

 its headquarters. I caught it, however, as far to the Eastward, on the bare, treeless, 

 shrubless regions of the Zungcham River, an affluent of the Spiti, in Tibet. It flies 

 from May to November" (Lang, Proc. Zool. Soc. 18(35, 496). Major H. B. Hellard 

 obtained it at Pangi and Rogi in Busahir, in July and August, and in Kashmir, in 

 August and September" (MS. Notes). Mr. ^Y. Doherty records it from " Pindari 

 Valley, 9000 feet, in Kumaon. Rare " (J. A. Soc. Beng. 18S6, 121). Mr. J. H. Leech 

 took it at " Skardo in July," and Capt. McArthur obtained it in the " Chonging 

 Valley at 15,000 to 17,000 feet elevation, in July and August." E.^amples from 

 Shishi Kuh Valley 9000 to 14,000 feet, taken by Capt. G. H. Colomb, and a female, 

 from Gilgit, are in the British Museum Collection. Mr. L. de Niceville "took it 

 in several places in Kashmir in June, and also in Ladak " (Butt. India, ii. 136). 

 " Found somewhat rarely in the higher Valleys of the Ujjper Ganges, from June to 

 August" (P. W. Mackinuon, J. Bombay N. H. S. 1898, 372). 



ARGYHNIS VirATHA (Plate 374, fig. 2, 2a, b, ^ ? ). 



Argynnis Vitatlia, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. LonJ. 1874, p. 5G8, cJ. de Niceville, Butt, ol India, ii. 

 p. 136 (1886). 



Ijiago. — Male. Upperside bright fulvous ; basal areas slightly olivescent- 

 fulvous ; veins black lined. Cilia fulvescent- white. ForeivUuj with three black 

 slender cell-bars and a fourth bar bordering each side -of the discocellulars, which 

 latter bar is placed obliquely-outward ; a transverse inner-discal irregularly- 

 angulated series of more or less slender spots, a subapical costal speckled streak, an 

 outer-discal row of rounded spots, followed by a submarginal continuous row of 

 dentate spots, which latter are more or less confluent with a duplex marginal line. 



