52 BULLETIN 69, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE SUPERFAMILY T.ENIOIDEA. 



In the following synopsis I have adopted with a few modifications 

 the arrangement into families recently proposed by Fuhrmann 

 (1907a, 1908a), but instead of giving the group the rank of an order, 

 Cyclophyllidea, I have followed Stiles (1906a) in classing it as a 

 superfamily, Tsenioidea. This change from order to superfamily is 

 simply a change in name and rank and in itself does not necessitate 

 any changes within the group. The subordinate groups of the order 

 Cyclophyllidea as arranged by Fuhrmann can be arranged in a simi- 

 lar way in the superfamily Tsenioidea, and this is what has been done 

 in the present article, with, however, a number of modifications, the 

 most important of which are as follows : 



In his family " Dilepinidse " Fuhrmann has recognized three sub- 

 families, " Dilepininse," Dipylidiinae, and " Paruterinse," and has 

 placed in a separate family, " Hymenolepidse," the genera Hymeno- 

 lepis, Oligorchis, Diorchis, and Aploparaksis. I have, however, pre- 

 ferred to unite " Hymenolepidse " with " Dilepinidse " and " Dilepi- 

 ninse " with Dipylidiinge, and accordingly recognize, instead of the 

 two families, one family Hymenolepididse, with Dipylidiinse, Hy- 

 menolepidinse, and Paruterininse (= Paruterinse Fuhrmann) as sub- 

 families. 



The genus Stilesia appears to me much more closely related to the 

 Paruterininse than to the jVnoplocephalidse, and I have accordingly 

 placed it in the former group. 



A number of minor changes, such as changes in names, are noted in 

 their appropriate places. Changes in names have been made in ac- 

 cordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 



Superfamily T^^NIOIDEA. 



Superfamily diagnosis. — Cestoda : Scolex with four cup-shaped 

 suckers which may exceptionally (Tetrabothriidse) bear auricular 

 appendages. Apical rostellum present or lacking. Suckers and ros- 

 tellum may be armed with .hooks or unarmed. Neck present or 

 absent. Strobila with well-developed segmentation, or, exceptionally 

 (Fimbriariidse'i without division into segments. A single series or 

 complete or incomplete double series of reproductive organs. Genital 

 pores usually present and marginal, or exceptionally on ventral sur- 

 face. Testicles usually numerous, in medullary portion of segment. 

 Ovary more or less bilobed. Yolk gland compact, and posterior, dor- 

 sal, ventral, or laterad of ovary, rarely (family Tetrabothriid*) an- 

 terior of ovar3^ Shell gland between ovary and yolk gland. Uterus 

 without special opening to the exterior, except that rarely a second- 

 arily formed opening may be present. Egg (i. e., fertilized egg= 



