INTRODUCTORY. 17 



One singular, and, I believe, as yet unexplained, difference in climate 

 Malarious and non- exists between the Ghats in this quarter and the 

 malarious seasons. ^^^.^ g^^therly mountains, such as the Nilgiris, 



Anamalais, Palnis, Shervaroys and others in the Carnatic. In the latter 

 forest-clad mountain regions the unhealthy season is during the dry 

 hot weather, extending from the end of February* till the setting in of 

 the south-west monsoon rains in June, the most healthy season being 

 in the cold weather. In the Belgaum and Kolhapur Ghats, on the con- 

 trary, the cold weather is esteemed very feverish, while the malarious 

 influences have ceased to act, or very nearly so, by the beginning o^' 

 March, and are in abeyance in April and May. Whether they are per- 

 fectly free from malaria at any other season I am unable to say. 



The complete series of geological formations met with in the South 



Mahratta Country and South-Western Deccan may 

 Schedule of geological 

 formations in the South be conveniently tabulated as below in descending 

 Mahratta Country, ,.,,.. 



order ; but in the descriptive chapters the several 



formations will, with advantage, be considered in ascending order :— 



Post-Teetiaey oe ^^^' Sub-aerial formations and soils. 

 Eecent ... (10. Alluvial deposits. 



^ „ ( 9. Ossiferous travels, &c., of river valleys. 



Latee Teetiaey ? •< , . 



( 8. Konkan laterite. 



LowEE Teetiaey ... 7. Ratnagiri clays with plant remains and lignite. 



r 6. Deccan trap and Iron-clay (laterite) formation. 



Uppee Secondaey < 5. Inter-trappean formations. 



C 4. Inf ra-trappean formations. Lameta group ? 



I 3. Bhima (Karniil) series ... J 



(Lower. 



Azoic ... ... «{ , , ^ ( Upper. 



I 2. Kaladgi (Kadapah) series i ^ 



(.Lower. 



L 1- Gneissic (metamorphic) series. 



* The Malai-ala or Hill-men of the Salem mountains, generally believe the malaria season 

 fco begin with the fall of the bamboo leaf iu February. 



c ( 17 ) 



