22 FOOTE; SOUTH MAHRATTA COUNTRY. 



The next reference to the g-eological structure of the South Mahratta 



Country is contained in the well-known paper 

 Malcolmson. 1837. 



" on the fossils of the eastern portion of the great 



basaltic district of India" by John G. Malcolmson, f. g. s., read before 



the Geological Society of London in 1837. 



In this paper. Dr. Malcolmson mentioned the extensive distribu- 

 tion in the South Mahratta Country of sandstones and schists of the 

 same characters, and associated with the same rocks, as those occurring 

 in the Kadapah district, and described his discovery of the sandstone 

 below the escarpment of the Western Ghats at Atchera (Achura of Atlas 

 sheet), north of Mai wan. 



The sketch map o£ the South Mahratta Country accompany- 

 ing his paper approximates but distantly to the reality, for the main 

 boundary of the Deccan trap is made to run well north of both Kaladgi 

 and Belgaum, which latter place is represented as standing on an outlier 

 of the trap, in lieu of at the edge of the main spread. 



The outlier of trap (?) or " argillaceous limestone" (?) , shown im- 

 mediately north of Dhawar, has really no existence. The outlier at 

 " Noulgound" (Naulgund) is also wrong, as no argillaceous limestones 

 occur there ; only a small ridge of quartzite, which most likely belongs 

 to the ffneissic series. 



43' 



The existence of the limestones and sandstones, &e., forming the 

 Bhima series must have been unknown to Dr. Malcolmson, as the region 

 occupied by them is either left blank, or else colored as granite and 

 gneiss. 



The next writer who touched upon the geological features of 



Captain Newbold. ^^^ South Mahratta Country and adjacent parts 



•^®^"^^- of the Deccan, was Captain Newbold, p. r. s., 



Madras Army, the best informed and most acute and accurate of all 



( 22 ) 



