SYNOPSIS OP PREVIOUS OBSERVATIONS. 35 



two miles from the fall of Chaya Bogavatti through almost blood- 

 red granite (syenite gneiss). The whole is wonderfully grand and 

 picturesque. 



He describes the small plateau (or massive) of granite gneiss at the 

 north-east side of which the strong fort of Shahpur is built, and which 

 attains an altitude of about 520 feet above the plains around. The 

 Soorpoor hills are also described, and several of the very remarkable 

 tors of granite gneiss occurring on them are figured, as also some 

 occurring at other places. 



He supposes the " granite" to have intruded partially into the lime- 

 stone, and to have altered the sandstones and limestones at Tirth (Teertu) 

 and Rajah Kollur by heat. This view appears untenable, the truth being 

 that the sandstones and limestones (of the Bhima series, which alnne 

 concerns us here) were deposited upon and around many considerable 

 elevations of the old surface of the granite gneiss. The heat evolved in 

 the crushing up of the strata at Tirth by a fault and dislocation, would 

 be quite sufficient to account for the trifling changes induced in the sedi- 

 mentary beds. 



The ridge of schistose gneiss running north-north-east from 

 Bomanhal (Boarunuhal) is described, and attention drawn to the veins 

 of quartz containing black tourmaline in three-sided prisms which occur 

 on, and to the east of, the ridge running parallel with the strike of 

 the beds for several miles distance. 



Turning to the sandstone series, he notices the fine cliffs of sand- 

 stone occuring at Gajendragarh (the extreme south-east corner of the 

 Kaladgi basin). 



The limestones ■ (of the Talikot series) he conceives to be the 

 Kurnool (Karnul) limestones of Newbold. He could find no fossils in 

 them. He described the peculiar characters, and remarks that they 

 are poor for lithographic purposes because containing too much silica. 



( 35 ) 



