4 FOOTE : SOUTH MAHRATTA COUNTRY. 



Kodal and Assiamat (Usyamut) Rivers, which fall into the sea re- 

 spectively south and north of Mai wan. Further north, the Seo or Deogarh 

 River, the Viziadrug River, the Sukundi,the Mukhunvi and Kalindi Rivers 

 drain the Southern Konkan as far north as Ratnagiri. The principal 

 affluents of the Krishna, which occur wholly or partly within the limits 

 of the country under consideration, are the Dudh and Ved ( Yed) Gangas, 

 the Ghatprabha, the Malprabha and the Tungabhadra on the right bank, 

 and the Don and Bhima Rivers on the left. 



The orographical structure of the South Mahratta Country is, geo- 



» graphically considered, quite as simple as the river 



Orography. ^ ^ -^ . . . 



system, as all the principal lines of hills may be fairly 



regarded as spurs ramifying eastward or westward from the western ghats 



or Sahyadri mountains. The characters of the 



Sahyadri mountains, or ■ ■■ -• j- mi_ . ^ 



western o-hats. ^^^ slopes are quite diverse. The western slope 



into the Konkan is very sudden, abrupt and rugged, 

 the eastern one very gradual and slow, and, excepting in a few places, not 

 rugged. The eastern slope of the Ghats is frequently compared to a 

 series of terraces following one another in downward succession to the 

 sea. This comparison does not apply well to the form of the ground 

 over the greater part of the South Mahratta Country, which is that of an 

 irregular inclined plane, crested here and there by long ridges forming 

 watersheds between the valleys of the numerous rivers, the ridges them- 

 selves showing by no means an invariably steady decrease eastwards. 

 The terrace character does, however, appear in the north-eastern part of 

 the area under description in the higher grounds, which commence north 

 of the Krishna in longitude 76° East, and extend in a north-easterly 

 direction up to and beyond the Bhima River near Gulburga, and finally 

 join the Bidar table-land. 



The scarped basset edge of the Kaladgi basin and a few outlying 

 table-topped hills to the east of it are not suitably described by the 

 appellation of terraces : on a small scale, the terraced structure is well 

 developed in many parts of the Deccan trap area lying within the limits 



( 4 ) 



