GNKISSIC EOCKS. 51 



scarlet, which contrast very well with the purplish-grey of the richly 

 hsematitic laminae and the whitish or pale-drah of the non-stained 



silicious laminse. In many cases the bedding has 

 stiSr* ^°'^*^°^"*''°" °^ undergone great contortion, and been crumpled into 



series of Vandykes, in which the alternating bands 



of color are exquisitely displayed. Such has been the case on a con- 



siderable scale in the great hill two and a half miles 

 Amingarh beds. » . . i •^^ • n tt i 



west or Amingarh village in the Hunugunda 



Taluq, which is probably the finest display of these richly ferruginous 

 deposits. The rocks at this place are generally very rich in haematite, 

 and the red bands are very numerous, so that the great curves and minor 

 Vandykes in which the beds stand out from the hill sides present a very 

 remarkable and, when lit up by the morning sun, a very beautiful ap- 

 pearance. 



The principal hematite beds are all found in the Hunugunda 



schistose series. Besides the Amingarh hill beds 

 daSs^"*^*^'"^'"'""''"" above named are those of the Jiadigudda (Jeeadi- 



goodda) hill near Tawurugiri in the Nizam's ter- 

 ritory, which are of great thickness, and, near the summit of the hill, of 

 very great richness, though they rapidly become poor further westward. 

 In former times a very considerable quantity of ore from this place was 

 smelted at Tawurugiri, and is reported to have yielded iron of the best 

 quality, much sought after by the native armourers at Hyderabad and 

 elsewhere. The iron industry has, however, now completely died out 

 at Tawurugiri owing to the great rise in the price of charcoal caused 

 by the extensive disafforestment going on over the whole Deccan. 

 The Jiadigudda beds are the richest in haematite that I observed 

 in the Deccan, or South Mahratta country. They form the backbone of 

 the Jiadigudda ridge, which rises some 800 to 900 feet over the surround- 

 ing country and is the highest hill in that quarter. The beds stand up 

 at a very high angle, and apparently dip southward, but I am inclined 

 to suspect that the real structure of the ridge is an anticlinal, the arch 

 of which has been denuded away. 



( 51 ) 



