72 POOTE: SOUTH MAHRATTA COUNTRY, 



ness, probably not less than from lOjOOO to 15^000 feet in the regioui 

 south, north, and north-east of Kaladg-i. 



The thickness of the quartzites and sandstones in the ghats belong- 

 ing, apparently, to the lower series, cannot be less than 1,000 feet, as 

 seen in the spurs and outlying hills near the base of the Phonda Ghat 

 section, and is probably very much greater. 



The members of the upper division are confined to several small 

 Geological position of ^reas, all lying within the KaMdgi basin and 

 different sub-divisions. clustered round that place itself; and the lime- 

 stones and shales belonging to the upper section of the lower division 

 are almost entirely confined to the eastern half of the basin. No lime- 

 stones, and hardly any shales, were seen westward of 75° E. longitude, all 

 the beds westward of that meridian belonging, to all appearance, to the 

 lowest section (1) of the Lower Kaladgi series. 



The following six sections given on Plate VIII illustrate the relative 



positions of the two divisions of the Kaladgi series 

 Illustrative sections. 



and the underlying gneissic and overlying trappean 



rocks. 

 The sections follow each other in an east-to-west succession : — . 



1. From the Krishna to the Shiakeri ridge south of Bagalkot. 



2. From the Krishna to Kaladgi. 



3. From the Krishna to Manekeri ridge, near Hulkund. 



4. From the fall of the Ghatprabha at Gokak to Melmihatti. 



5. From Manekeri ridge to Sogal. 



6. From the Phonda Ghat to the sea, near Malwan. 



The sections are diagrammatic in part, and the vertical scale is 



arbitrary. They show all the principal disturb- 

 Their teaching. 



ances the series has undergone, all of which took 



place long prior to the deposition of the Deccan trap-flows. Another 



important feature, which becomes obvious from a study of these sections, 



is the enormous amount of denudation which has affected the country 



since the conclusion of the Deccan Trap period. That an immense 



( 72 ) 



