KALADGI SERIES, 91 



above and below them. The edges of the conglomerate beds form mural 

 cliffs round many parts of the Gokak scarp^ and from the more rapid 

 weatherings in parts^ of some of the schistose beds in the gneiss, large masses 

 of the quartzites and conglomerates have fallen down, and in some places 

 lie thick together on the flanks and at foot of the hills, precisely like 

 the case illustrated by Mr. King in his report on the Kadapah and Kar- 

 nul rocks,* only on a yet larger scale. 



3. Exposures and sections in the western part of the Kalddgi basin. 



The Gokak scarp dies away northward under the Deccan trap at 

 Lower quartzite series Arbhavi (Arbhawec), four miles north of Gokak ; to 

 wes o o -a . ^^^ gouth it f orms two bold headlands jutting out 

 eastward, but farther south it is lost, and the beds forming it dip south- 

 ward and then roll about very variously, but generally at very low angles 

 over a large area covered with low wooded hills on the banks of the great 

 Kelvif nullah and its tributaries, extending southward to Lakmapoor, and 

 still further to Marihal (Murreehal) and Deshnur (Deisnoor), eastward to 

 Mamdapoor and Nandi, and westward to the Markandeya river or Pad- 

 shapoor-Unkalgee valley. Throughout this region the sandstones less 



frequently assume the character of quartzites, hav- 

 Its characters. 



ing been exposed to a decidedly lesser degree of 



metamorphism. The coarser beds, as conglomerates and grits, show but 

 little change, but some of the fine-grained beds, even where lying hori- 

 zontally, or very nearly so, are true quartzites ; where the beds have been 

 disturbed, the amount of metamorphism is in direct proportion to the 

 amount of disturbance that has taken place. 



These characteristics of the rocks will be found to extend westward 



Continued far to the across the Markandeya river up to the Kakti and 



^^® ' Kalkambeh scarps near Belgaum, and up the upper 



* Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Vol. VIII. Plate III, Pig. 1. 



t The course of the Kelvi nullah is incorrectly laid down in sheet 41. Instead of 

 flowing northward from opposite to Buneechmurdee, it really continues its north-easterly 

 course and falls into the great Mamdapoor aullah between Maldinni and Uparhatti (Oopar- 

 hattee). 



( 91 ) 



