BHIMA SEEIES. 161 



distinguishable from the lower red shales^ except that they 'are perhaps 

 rather more earthy. 



The dirty-green or brown mud shales are not represented in the 

 upper series, which is also redder ii^ color. Some of the higher beds are 

 much brighter in color than the lower shales, being quite pink, and occa- 

 sionally almost vermilion, where they have been affected by the over- 

 lying trap-flows. It seems very probable that the latter has been the 

 case, for where the shales are of a bright red color in the immediate vicinity 

 of the trap the bedding is very often obscure ; indeed the red rock might 

 almost be taken for a form of decomposed trap. This, however, it does 

 not appear to be in reality, for the bright red rock is generally seen to 

 pass down into the true shales. In some eases bands of flaggy limestone 

 occurring in these shales are, when close to the trap, found to have the 

 same pink color, and their surfaces weather into a soft velvety powder. 



An instructive section of the central part of the Bhima basin 



may be obtained by following the line of the 



Section along the rail- 



way from Nalwar to Great Indian Peninsula Railway from Nalwar 

 Gulbarga. 



northward. For the first three miles it crosses 



dirty green and brown and thin red shales which extend as far as 



Halkatti (Halkatty) on the AUur nullah. From Halkatti northward to 



the edge of the Kogni valley is a spread of nearly horizontal beds of 



grey and light buff splintery limestones (Talikot limestones) largely 



quarried for railway building purposes. At the south edge of the 



Kogni valley the shale beds crop out, and in the valley the underlying 



gneissic rocks appear : the shales have thinned out till they are only from 



30 to 40 feet thick. They re-appear north of the Kogni, though not 



close to the railway, but higher up the river valley and near Shahabad 



(Shawbad) . The top beds of limestone exposed in the low hill south of 



the village are thinner than usual, rather silicious, and they contain also 



thin bands of chert. Four miles further north near Tegganur (Tegga- 



noor) or Deyrun, the lie of the limestone and shale beds is not so 



w ( 161 ) 



