1V4 



POOTE : SOUTH MAHRATTA COUNTRY. 



a very low westerly dip, as may be seen in Section No. 6, Plate VIII, in 

 which Mr. Wilkinson has illustrated the structure of the country be- 

 tween the Phonda Gh^t scarp and the sea at Malwan. 



The direction of the course of the upper waters of the various 



„ . rivers risinsf in the ffhM re<jion and fallins- into 



Course or rivers coin- o o . o 



cident with dip of flows the Krishna, coincides with the general dip of the 

 above the ghats. 



trap-flows j it is probable, therefore, that the sub- 

 aerial excavation of these valleys commenced immediately after the 

 final outpouring of the last trap-flow, and has been progressing unin- 

 terruptedly ever since. Till the whole of the Beecan trap area shall 

 have been geologically examined^, it will not be possible to say which 

 was the last flow, but if the youngest of those now remaining in the 

 Extent of vertical Kolhapur and Belgaum ghats was really the last 

 poured out, and thus represents the close of this 

 epoch of tremendous volcanic activity, then the work done by atmo- 

 spheric agencies since that period may be approximately estimated as a 

 direct vertical erosion of from 1,000 to 1,500 feet in round numbers, the 

 latter depth being that of the valley of the Yed Gunga in south 

 Kolhapur opposite the great mass of Bhudhargarh (Buddurgurh) , one 

 of the eminences capped by the highest of the remaining trap'flows. 

 At present the most prevalent direction of the wind during the south- 

 west monsoon, as indicated by the inclination of 



Present direction of , i , j i i • i j i i_ i • i 



monsoon does not quite ^'^^ trees on the highest and most exposed ridges, 



SionTf ^he'vlueys.'^ <^oes not coincide exactly with the dip of the trap- 

 flows and strike of the main valley, but is more 

 westerly by one or two points of the compass.* 



No indications have as yet been discovered in the southern part of 



No traces of foci of ^^^ ^^^P ^^'^^ above the ghkts of the ancient 



erup ion oi o y es. centres of eruption, or craters, whence issued 



* This applies more specially to the Kasarsadda, one of the highest lidges in the 

 Belgaum ghats lying south-west of Chandgurh. 



( 174 ) 



