DECCAN TRAP. 177 



been carried up the face of the seai-p^ — one at Phonda Gh4t connecting 

 In the Phonda and Am- Ratnag'iri and Kolhapur, the other known as the 

 boH Ghat road. Amboli Gh^t, and connecting Belgaum with Vin- 



gorla. The cuttings along these two noble roads give almost perfectly 

 continuous sections of the whole thickness of trap-flows they cross, and it 

 would be easy for any one having the necessary time to make a close 

 measurement of the different flows there exposed. 



To the east of the mountains the best sections are afforded by the 

 Other sections further ^^^'^ ^^^^^ around Chikori (Cheekoree) in the Baged 

 ^'*- Gudda north of Gokak and the Yellurgarh hill 



south of Belgaum. The more easterly extension of the area is well 

 illustrated by the sections to be seen in the Horti hills north of Bija- 

 pur, the Nagurbetta (hill) west of Ling Sugur, and still further east by 

 those in the various plateaux between Gulbarga and Bidar (Beeder). 

 These will be referred to separately further on. 



The amount of denudation which the Deccan trap has undergone on 



Tx , ,. J. -T. the western side of the Sahyadri range is abund- 

 JDenudation or the •' '^ 



western scarp and Kon- antly manifest in the tremendous scarp which 

 remains. The extent to which the trap has been 

 denuded can be measured by thousands of feet. In the Sawantwari 

 country nearly the whole of the vast mass of hard lava flows has been 

 removed, and many hundred feet of the underlying gneissic rocks as well, 

 while further north, nothing but the very lowest of the trap beds 

 remain. The great terrace of the Konkan may be regarded as a vast 

 shelf-like plane formed by marine denudation, the comparative level of 

 which has been destroyed since its elevation above the sea by the tre- 

 mendous atmospheric energy of the south-west monsoon. 



The trap beds which run under the sea northward of Vingorla are 



probably the lowest members of the Deccan trap 

 Lowest flows. 



series anywhere exposed, but unfortunately no 



Y ( 177 ) 



