DECCAN TRAP. 181 



in others beyond as far north as the Panhala mountain, north of Kolha- 

 pur. The continuity of the flow terraces between 



Continuity of flows. 



the Bhudhargarh mass and the Chikori and 



Baged Gudda sections is obvious on the most cursory inspection of the 



north side of the very bare ridge south of Nipani (Neepanee). The 



geological structure of this great spur of the mountains is generally 



more distinct and clear than that of the less extended spurs further 



south. 



Underlying the great iron-clay bed_, which will be again referred to 



in some detail further on, is very commonly a bed 

 Clayey trap. 



of clayey trap, often purple in color, and much 



softer than the overlying ferruginous bed. The more rapid weathering 



of this clayey trap bed is the cause of the scarp constantly and sharply 



defining the ferruginous summit bed. This clayey trap generally 



passes down into ordinary purple or reddish brown amygdaloid, below 



which are basaltic and other amygdaloid flows. The clayey trap is largely 



„ . , developed on Kalanandigarh and Samang-arh, 



Sections where seen. . ° ' 



also on Bailur (Byloor) trigonometrical station 



hill,"^ where it is well seen to pass into a fine amygdaloid. It is also well 



seen on Wallabgarh and Paizargarh in Chikori taluq. 



A somewhat striking feature of one of the basaltic flows, which, 

 "Blocky" weathering at many parts of the southern boundary, forms the 



of basement beds. i j. x, j • ±^ n • • , 



basement bed, is the weathering into great rude 

 blocks, some of which might almost be reckoned small tors. These 

 frequently rest directly on the underlying gneiss and form a very conspi- 

 cuous boundary. Very often a few big blocks remain isolated on the 

 gneiss surface at small distances from the boundary of the flow itself, 

 e. g., at Bast war, south-west of Belgaum, also near Nagurhal, east of the 



* 14 miles S. W. of Belgaum, and the highest point of the Great Trigonometrical 

 series in this part; its elevation is 3,491 feet. 



( 1«1 ) 



