206 . FOOTE : SOUTH MAHRATTA COUNTEY. 



The four best sections met with were those on Kalanandigarh^ 

 Sdmangarh, Wallabgarh, and Paizargarh. 



The first of these is best seen on the path up to the north gate of 

 KManandigarh sec- *^® ^^^ Mahratta fort which gives its name to 

 *^°°- the hill. The upper 100 feet of the hill consists 



of mottled purplish and white or purplish clayey rock (clayey trap ?) 

 which passes up without any sudden change into the compact lateritoid 

 mass.^ The hill side becomes scarped as soon as the level of the summit 

 bed is attained^ but the exact point of junction of the two rocks is not 

 clear from the presence of vegetation and buildings. The thickness of 

 the summit bed is about 30' vertical^ or more. 



In the Samangarh section the rocks are most clearly exposed along 



the steep path leading from the little village of 

 Samangarh section. /^, ■, t 



Chonchwadit up to the pagoda on the western 



plateau. The same condition of things exists here as at Kalanandigarh ; 



the clayey under-rock acquires more and more iron as it is followed 



upward and passes into the "iron-clay.''^ The clayey bed is more 



variegated in its colors, however, at Samangarh, shades of orange, pink, 



and brown occurring with the purple. 



At Wallabgarh the clayey under-rock shows a good deal of quasi- 

 vesicular structure in the arrangement of the 

 Wallabgarh section. 



colors; numerous thin films of white color are 



seen like little vesicles enclosing darker portions of the general mass, 

 such vesicles being of very various sizes. The predominant colors here 

 are purple and reddish-brown, much flecked with the white vesicle sec- 



* Newhold supposed the beautiful lilac color of the lithomargic earth underlying the 

 iron-clay (laterite) of the Bidar plateau to be due to the presence of manganese, a sup- 

 position which is probably true. 



t Chonchwadi stands in a hollow in the south side of the Samangarh hill, about 200 

 feet below the summit. The fort was besieged and taken from the rebels during the out- 

 break in Sawant Wari and Kolhapur in 1844. 



( 206 ) 



