SUBAERIAL FOEMATIONS AND SOILS. 247 



to be loosely ag-gregated^ the interstices between the blocks being filled 

 with various soils washed in by rain-action. 



In the two cases of landslips described at p. 152 the limestone fell, 

 or subsided, in enormous masses, which, thoug-h 



Landslips. 



occupying the same position on the gneiss, cannot 

 be considered as having been incorporated in the conglomerate formed 

 by the deposition of calcareous matter among the general mass of the 

 talus. In this valley the talus-conglomerate extends from]_^Yeddihalli 

 to near Hundurahal. 



The same phenomenon is well seen some miles to the south- 

 west at the foot of similar limestone plateaux a little to the east of 

 Kaldevanhal (Kuldewunhul) and Marunbhavi, where the amount of 

 calcareous cement is even greater and more conspicuous. Many sec- 

 tions in these singular deposits, which are locally 10 to 12 feet or 

 more thick, were most carefully searched by me, but without discovering 

 any trace of organic remains enclosed in them. A little to the west of 

 Chipped implements of Yeddihalli, and also to the east of Arukeri, several 

 limestone. well-shaped chipped stone implements were found 



lying on the surface of the conglomerate from which they had apparently 

 been washed out. 



The fact of these implements being made of limestone is interest- 

 ing, this being the first case in Southern India in which chipped 

 implements have been discovered which were not manufactured out of 

 quartzite pebbles. No real quartzite occurs immediately in that neighbour- 

 hood, and the hard, compact, and rather silicious limestone with a strongly 

 conchoidal fracture, was a stone not altogether ill fitted to replace the 

 harder quartzite, in the absence of a better substitute. 



Another example of such breccia conglomerates was observed by 

 Mr. King, Deputy Superintendent, Geological Survey of India, on 

 the slope of Lalapur hill in the south-eastern part of the Bhima basin 

 (see p. 153). 



( 247 ) 



