THE 
JULY 11, 1874.) / 
GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
45 
Noteworthy Horticulturists 
OTICE: am SERIES | va PORTRAITS of 
q NOTEWOR TICU ~ pat 
BOTANISTS is eini publis seat the ENE 
nema ch a rie, Shona have already. appeared, and 
each), on t paper, be had 
oF SS ahplicatinn to i Pablisher, viz. = 
_ Dr. Hooker, C.B., Pres. R.S. a 
F. 
mes Bateman, F.R.S. 
ERTHOLD SEEMANS, len D. 
Rev. M. J. BerkeLeEYy, F.L.S. | Hon. MARSH HALL 
_ M. Decatsne 
M w). 
rofessor WESTWOOD. 
Dr. THWAITES. 
Professor PARLA 
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SATURDAY, JULY 11, 1874. 
APPOINTMENTS FOR etn ENSUING WEEK 
Monpay, July 13 Society's Country 
rR 
P EDNESDAY, July 154 kad Poultry Show. 
q - righton and Sussex Semen Exhibition. 
Loughborough Horticultural ec nee er 
f Flo eae piadas at Great Yarmouth. 
July 164 Brighton and Sussex Summer gp mee 
y Rom $i x. Show in the Zoological Gardens at 
s ift: 
——_ 0m 
URSDAY, 
3 NE of the most superb flowers exhibited 
: oflate is undoubtedly the variety of Iris 
as Iris Kænpferi var. E e 
> salsboeds “This was shown at the last meet- 
ng of the Floral Committee by Messrs. E. a 
NDERSON & SON, of St.. John’s Wood, an 
sé gentlemen. we are ind ge tl ct 
Considered as a garden fl 
Tolenring: Mr. e eo coe (fig. 11) will 
to an idea orm and size, 
das to its colouring, we may ay compare it 
Gardeners Chronicle, 
means need not envy those with longer purses 
or more complete modern appliances. 
Iris Kampferi of garde together 
varieties of it are in cultivation in the 
nurseries, as also in our own. a of these, 
too, have been figured in various journals, par- 
ticularly in OUDEMAN’ s Neerland’s Niilediwin, 
tab. 8, 33, 34, where, among others, a large white 
variety of great beauty is represented. -These 
varieties, however, rem of which are cultivated 
by Messrs. HENDER ON, have, for the most 
part, smaller tt than the one to which 
we now call attention, while the 
arrangement of the parts of the flower are like 
those usually met with in Irises, and especially 
in Iris levigata, to which Kempferi nearly 
approaches, if, indeed, it be not a variety of that 
species. 
It is surprising to sez: how many persons are 
capable of recognising beauty of form and 
colour, and yet do not perceive that higher 
beauty— beauty of purpose and adaptation. 
They see a botanist picking a flower to pieces 
and they think it little less than er They 
laugh at his “ barbarous binomials ” and uncouth 
expressions, but they do not realise all Me. time 
that he has, what they have not, a keen sense of 
delight in reverently tracing, so far as his 
faculties permit, the purpose and plan of the 
Creator, as manifested in the humblest weed. 
To the arrangement of the floral segments in 
the variety of Iris called by the name of E. G, 
Henderson we may, therefore, briefly allude, as 
itisof considerable interest, both from the florist’s 
and from the botanist’s point of view. 
In Irises in general we have the flower com- 
posed of six coloured segments, three outer ones 
bent downwards, three inner ones somewhat 
smaller, often different in colour, and ascending 
to arch over the central organs of the flowers. 
Within these segments of the perianth are three 
thre 
seed-vessel, is below the flower segments, as in 
Narcissus, Orchids, &c. 
In the Iris of which we are now speaking the 
direction. The result of this is a flat flower of 
nearly circular outline, such us rejoices the eye 
of the lover of the so-called “ florist’s flowers.” 
More than this, the three stamens concealed be- 
styles and themselves become petal-like, and the 
way in which they do this is also iae 
An ordinary Irisstamen consist of a filam 
_or stalk, on the upper part of mihi is, on cither 
side, an anther-ce 
the two anther-cells are apai 
other by what is called the connective, which 
is in this case nothing but the direct continua- 
tion of the filament. In the flowers before us the 
summit of the anther is surmounted by a trum- 
pet-like tube, pee purple, and divided into 
three lobes at the free edge. Tracing these lobes 
downwards it tech be seen that two of the three 
are directly continuous with the anther-lobes, 
while the third is similarly a petal-like prolonga- 
tion of the “ connective.” In addition to these 
additional mame opune to the petals, 
these supern 
_landing-board of a 
logy, inst n not ‘aly See its s 
n are almost entirely 
petal-like ad | correspondingly unlike ant 
present noth 
up, then, we may say in brief that 
nie an pet A Iris has an apt re sae 
this variety has a regular one; 2, ano ry 
Iris has three stamens, sith etal ee this 
variety has six stamens, in two rows, and all are 
more or less petal-like. Technically speaking, 
then, this flower affords an example of that 
form of peloria called regular peloria, and of 
the increased number and petal-like develop- 
ment of the stamens. 
Florists, however, will be more concerned 
with the fact.that they have here a flower of 
circular outline, regularity of proportion, and 
marked tendency to become dou 
But more than this, our Iris has a great 
interest tor those who like to see things botanic- 
ally ship-shape, or if they are not so to know 
the reason why. In these matters botanists are 
as great sticklers for regularity as the florists. 
en h 
nds asserted. An ordinary Iris is not botanic- 
ally ship-shape, owing to the irregularity of its 
flowers, to ay we have above alluded. The 
aim and object of this irregularity is without 
doubt to failieate the transfer of the pollen 
by ans of insects, and it is only one 
of a thousand different ways in which 
the same ~ end ʻis obtain ed. sien the 
common Iris germanica, for example, and 
watch how beautifully haben iid adapted 
bent d 
wards, and have a tuft of yellowish hairs near 
the base. The anther, as we have seen, is con- 
cealed between the base of the outer flower 
cealed. An insect visiting the flower is attracted 
by the reflected segment with its bright tuft of 
hair : it alights upon it as a bee does on the 
hive. It gets entangled 
amid the bush of hairs as it endeavours to az 
pad box and rifle the flower of il its honey. 
S 
ing it 
the anthers, which, it should be stated, open 
downwards and outwards just in the 
direction to favour the deposit of the pollen 
on the intruding insect. e pollen-dusted 
insect ultimately sag pn a visit to another 
flower, and ther a (on which the 
pollen must be deposited ox the seeds can be 
formed) is placed ex actly w where it is most 
favourably situate to receive the pollen from the 
insect’s back. ~ The stigma of Irises, in fact, has 
the form of a transverse band on the lower sur- 
face of the style. 
We have so far shown how an ordinary Ick ris 
is not botanically ship-shape, and we have en- 
deavoured to give a rational explanation of 
the deviation from the ‘general rule. We 
have an Ie pon to allude to. á 
of the -size and colour, 
their mae. natures, but their aiaa 
must also ilar order. That regular 
order consists in che that the parts of one row 
shall alternate, or come between those of another 
row ; for instance, if there be three flower seg- 
ments on the outer side of three inner ones, then . 
