68 
THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. 
[JULY 18, 1874, E 
tensively | re for the local markets, but after awhile 
everybody took to Rhubarb growing, and the gar- 
deners had to drop its cultivation. Rage used is be 
ound the best manure for Rhubarb. 
TURNIPS. 
do not grow well in the “sre ipa od, 
either he market or cattle. Cu cumber i grown 
in fields on the flat echelon. 
keep cattleand pigs a ènt EONS 
and some of the land is so managed as to have some 
s aio 1 à 
so 
various in, quali ormation that w one 
neighbour gives £12 an.acre; the one adjoining ives 
only 30s. to:40s. The soil on p ” is con- 
best ; a ‘‘slatey kind of > which is 
; k so h 
shallow, is ani for early Potatos ; while that on 
grate is not- at all suitable for market gardening 
purposes. Æ. 
THE Berr OF THE 
OAK 
| THE Revue Siimtifigue, No, xlix., 1874, contains 
a paper by Professor Balbiani detailing his observa- 
poge: " Shenae quercus, a species allied to the 
P. v rix whi among 
the og The Vine e pest can live undergr ound as 
las inthe air, and its most destructive work is 
rformed 
grown on clay lands are most exposed to its assaults, 
sively fissured in hot we eather, 
discovered of 
ig: a 
applied, and M. Balbiani studied the lif at ae 
i iani stu e life pong 
P. quercus, in the hope it would oe light upon 
lloxe n in the 
of pale yellow larvce on the under-surface of the 
leaves, each one occupying the centre of a yellowish 
p 
spot produced by pricking into the leaf. 
gabe nging t 
the } : egm aot 
TRE montt cer a ow a the thet pa of legs, and 
than 2 i 1 fair mikela a co 
more 2 inches long when pem tii 
as in loa Until about .the middle oe A rm |! 
only wingless or larval Phyl- 
roduced, but ae then till “tons end ve the 
exclusive of its 
a 
upper ones, and each with a 
pair of > tpn on the upper edges, Das one-third 
Hitherto no one had succeeded in caverta al 
of the P! lloxera, and in no female eat ik? 
ito be trans- 
formed into winged insects, no external 
differentiated 
- but an examinatio we owed their 
reproductive apparatus to be y developed 
Thus, while the egg-laying larvz contained a oe 
number of eggs more or py ese individuals 
only contained eggs dig agg a veloped as to be 
little VIAE e from t ts of the 
ovary. 
It was observed that the winged insects did not 
remain on the leaves longer than was necessary for 
the other contents 
Its how. F 
the hardening of their integuments, and very seldo 
In calm weather they apres 
s 
ever, 
Soest: depositing here and there an egg. 
ring anon retuned to: their first p 
eg a others, seuss, left 
the leaf altogether, ad laid an ae here and there on 
the sides of the bottle. wo days all had finished 
1 
ome were twice 
aiid the FERE ones the true females of the species. 
M. Balbiani Poseg ems found that. the: wee 
sorts laid their eggs among the old scales 
e of the new ag of the leaves, and tiat. they 
were hatche ut twelve or and now 
comes the m hat hoai part o bora? 
both males and females from their eget were desti- 
igestive organs, as male 
p 
o 
ovary of t females is 
much simpler than md the Ys thentendtie forms ; 
i _of two ovaries, each with fr 
pe F neither like the egg of the parthenogenetic 
the winged insects. A ril is th 
time for maces these Beat) eggs. The first gene- 
ration thus prod mely fertile, one of them 
i on April 2 vith “eguip seve eggs, whic 
in two or three days were increased to more than one 
undred. In the sum females are less pro- 
ific, the ovarian tubes diminishing in number until at 
last only one is found. - Thus the vital energies of the 
ee females xhausted, and th 
reappearance e pekak 1s siig inasa for the continu- 
ance of the race. Academ 
A < Semele “te ee 
Gun more rec 
ent experiences ‘Strawb 
core int out with unmistakeable plainness that the 
trawberry plant has a very distinct predilection for 
a moist site, and wii ual distinctness have we the 
ce that a cool temperature, 
with isture, whether abun- 
cent in the a and plentiful in the hig a a 
oe is su ayes 
ore. 
Ta a aaia 
such as we 
Bb ea ‘Strawberry: 
warmer one in view of 
dant crop. The fact isa 
t practically read to us, and one we 
should not Bears to ca a o our future uses, 
` Proverbially, as ery bine we have always 
he summer d 
exceptionally cool and moist one, and o 
su likely to 
a 
owing upon ex 
upper edges of quarried ro sun- 
q cks, 
row banks, dry walls, a proof as to ry actual 
requirements.” In opposition to this, I would 
ges TEE Gar wots book NA 
scorched ERIE 
advance the fact that it is = ~ uli 
se 
able that, -could it choo 
site wherein to grow, it poet ies W Toini 
such situations. The very facts I hav 
te its capa th 
eep as 
and in strata upward ard fro rom oar tila 
e theory expounded in- practice, t 
elevations are good for Sinimi culture ; bat 
us give equally good and new soil to such as 
ings, :manurial 
have no doubt as 
alentines. 
to the results. 
ITALIAN GARDENS: = 
PALAZZO _ ORENGO, NEAR VINT 
MÍG 
(Concluded aie | É. a. 
_- As may be surmised — 
-said, ‘the amount of dressed 
i 
the clear blue sea, is 
In another direction i is s = i> th ae 
called a ** ”—an 
means 
_ The mere e enumeration of the m 
