296 THE 
GARDENERS ° CHRONIGEE. 
[SEPTEMBER 5, 1874, 
Pébrine. And so it will be with Phy omen < Sen keep 
off or des the i “ a avoid the 
We have in all such repetition of the noted 
itch npes of A 
ay, 
due to. thickened Pile,” is” drying o of the blood,” i ng 
and long after D us its true paar 
there w pone 48 ig those who å denied an 
tion between the mite and the disease, or who AE 
the presence of the former by a DAA. or by other 
The more plausible largan that the Phylloxera 
disease is caused by drouth, by too ane Sou ued 
seve 
jararo va of the lant re 
ing, exhaustion of soil, &c., have al ot th 
en before the facts ; and the r 
who, influenced by them and regarding the Phylloxera 
ith indifference, was led to replace his dead Vines 
by others, has been bitterly disappointed in seeing 
these in estro; s labour and outlay lost. 
tim: and 
If there were no other par, of Phylloxera being 
the cause of the disease than that. whi lately 
obtained, it would be a aina ag 
e 
cone ex ie nae in pots, in the spring 
of 1873, four i rooted Catawba Vines, all of a 
size and vigour, mc done roots ~ Si ascertained to 
free gen Phyllox Two these Vines were, 
during the summer, “kept out of TA reach of infection ; 
‘lake, from time to time uried, in the other two 
result has verified my anticipation : 
the infected Vines became sickly, and passed through 
eady?described, which indicate the 
the conditions 
disease. After ‘period of rest, late in the fall, 
I brought all the Vines in a warm room. 
roots rotted and wasted ; the arpa S Vines are 
living and growing finely. ED seme same effect is the 
experience of Mr. colm D a gardener of 
Powerscourt, Ireland [now of Dalkeith], who, find- 
that the Vines in 
‘After F chee: in new earth 
sure of seeing the Vines regain thei SE 
am the last | to deny that anstolngal conditions 
ae yy or retard the Sees ten of plant-lice, as 
th of so many other see no reason 
for agian pposing a iise condition of the plant first 
attacked by them, when, as WS, 
they can flourish only on living vegetation, which th ey 
forsake when its life has bee Conditions 
; plant- lice on 
-worm, a 
many bii, and make chen so yid to 
$ 
_ may favour or retard the multiplication of vin eet 
not, therefore, be doubted by one ; 
thrives most on more 
shows iy sac nm, in tS sp is entirely 
Again, another set of writers maintain 
eats inea tito Europe ; j for it requires 
imagination to suppose tit h 
and unnoticed for 
several 
rica many more noxious 
insects than it has received from us, Yet 
= Fifth Report, p. 
the European cultivator must charge us with a few of 
very worst pests, among which may more err 
be mentioned the Oidium Tuckeri, the Erigeron 
ane the Eriosoma iinet; and the Piyon 
vastatri 
The apoia of M; Korèssios, of Athens, 
Greece, and of M. ee igat, of Lunel, France—the 
former considering it 
latter the disease E Tied t Gabel” r S 
ewe: bee eme monstra nom Prof. Planchon to be fal 
he le ct (Dactylopius 
Phth 
kapis existing sae 
ancients, on the Vin e, both pe ae and below ground, 
= hie erranean region. t does much injury to 
in the Crimea. The “ on ” is altogether 
iene r malady, not caused by i -y 
Other writers have maintain hat the soil is full 
ve Phyllexera, and that it pee jer all sorts of “fruit 
rees. The Gra 
plants, or fru 
and arise aon the inability of the beer to here 
genera root-lice. 
_ Finally, since the discovery of Phylloxera on the 
ungus growths, 
Others again halve paai ‘fang grow! S, ok as 
indi ed by the injury done by 
‘Withou t eg g that Vines 
gus e $ n of 
growth of these 
a here set forth will bear out the 
on, that our Vines 
Phylloxera than from 
plant growth. 
Conclusion.—We have in the history of the Grape 
Phylloxera the singular spectacle of a 
merican being studied, and its workings 
its 
insect 
understood in a foreign gem before its pees 
suspec 
was 
anco- Prussian war, with all t 
consequenc to France, has pass 
milliards of francs (one thousand ; ie dollars) have 
een p nity to her 
time that the civilised world eked on i 
astonishment. p s Title Phylloxera, = ove 
yn ubtless in ils by some Americ n nur- 
ars app eatin its arriere 
unfortunate country millions of 
German n 
removed—at 
but but the Te ae ve! remains 
milliard francs coul rig Ebina the ak individual of 
this pon erse insect host from her soil, ‘‘la belle 
F would be aep! rid of the enemy. Had 
the worl twenty years ago, possessed the knowledge 
we at present have of m insect and of its ER 
power, rs few francs m have SEAN, stay 
invasion of that great Viner owing and w eai i 
cou one ang more mes illustration 
of the importance of economic a ? From 
Riley s Report on the Dito of Missour 
VIOLAS AND PANSIES 
AT THE ROYAL WINTER GARDEN, EDINBURGH. 
THE excellencies of the modern flower garden 
have long and frequently proven a prolife t theme for 
praise with horticultural writers, an feel assured 
that the subject still merits the commendation of its 
most eloquent advocates. With such splendid colour. 
material as is found in the diversified an 
prehensive ae Geraniace, independent m} othr 
, I have seen the Ep of a bea ower 
ose features are well 
e aper a of thè most 
peor a garden of simple beauty and having 
Wat the writer has now to describe not garden 
oc Pelargoniumn but miese 
of of Bins om and etal Blas 2 Pansy ipe 
most of those Violas ; and farther, as reg: whe 
ing quiere it may be said. jee of thèm kre are 
l in the full rr 
perpetual in the full meaning of the fl a 
fro aes ary I to December 31 vii aa tt 
me 
ae 
Allow me now to preg to se this 
and what I eei the bes 
in it. Taking first the east E bek rder. 
mienen neatly the length of the mE it is 
70 yards long by 9 feet rg, ribboned by means 
lines a Violas and Pansies. The first ing n 
Box edge, is Viola Golden. Perpetual, which i 
will i comina to display, an u hocking pe 
over a if allow 
line, Viola cornuta ieam This I consider the 
most M fecti ive Viola either in a ribbon line or en 
Distance adds to its brilliancy, and it e 
it itional tone of blue— 
a Spa infer erior to V. lutea major 
thesi iph to habit “of growth and hardiness in 
flowers. V. purpurea forms the fifth row—not a bad 
thing, bui Bie: more of a 
c p , habit’ compact, 
ARS as a bedder. Pansy Blue King forms the back 
A centre walk divides the = es of the 
en into two oblong square “ati of grass, broken 
by na bidi and borders. 
walk extends a border on 
some of the po) opulat ve — 
ities 
rallel with the pis. s 
each side: these oe ie 
of Violas, 
gie to ped. thet 
H 
in: = 
position o of the 
agni 
, held up = tong os 
warm mauve, e centred wi 
o V. “Magnificent, and 
On each side o 
pene is a plot of vom S. 
e beds furnished in this manner 
Searle t Sea oe ga old 
around these is a broad zone of Flower of Spring 
white saihi Pelargoniums : ing, 
ar 
ring of yellow Calceolarias, and t 
b 
argentea. The effect of these 
no other plants but 
large ones occupying 
Ki amea Farki Snspicadis 
ilar beds, centred with 
Soot by the jae Viola, 
the extreme corners are plan 
centred with V. cornuta Perfection, 
belt of V. Golden gabe ET Som four 
they meg been all sı 
l likely to Leong ie 
a 
come, ; 
es the above noticed eg are other 
of gre: ek io Ww. in the hands 
propagators, and I have ot. ae seen n them in 
numbers to an opinion 0 
I cannot do b = than give a 
their c 
Cultural Hints.—It is of the first importance 
Pansies and the —- selected for 
en i 
any other 
There is nothing better 
