* 
THE 
SepreMBER 5, 1874.] 
GARDENERS 
‘CHRONICLE. 
299 
half an inch high, with 
indve leaves and one flower, 
men of the common ee 
Sand, 
here was soft and s grou ithi S a dis- 
tance, ground - sa their roots oe a have revelled 
n their ne the 
i epops r giants, if 
had been yaly fortunate in finding their yat thither, 
Sba of the t ated e on the sce rte of the 
ia panne eeply into the 
condition of ot the soil that had 
do. oa 
all had been content with 
earth and sand, thus affording an absolute demonstra- 
tion of the necessity of attending to the mechanical cons 
enter to any consi 
Such was ex ve tie condition in which many 
iA were who had n never applied their intelligence 
to 
‘There few social problems more important 
than this oe acquainting the wife of the labourer and 
and vaivadi. of the middle 
e néing or n 
more or less ‘enticed ocks, 
to 
doubt it was ge to have a har 
of much Chane to 
lling the paeme i and 
è 
it rmy 
ing the brain wd aiding in the evolution of pea Saria 
and thus intellectual to the 
community, and deterioration o 
His coll , Dr. Gordon, said that te recollec 
rach: putting pe wrestling, and other “aabletic 
being t vourite amusements 
a servants of te Parar in the county Down. 
of the sort was 
a short day’s week almost too m 
xey were to be seen ying about in 
Coincidently with 
AmE manure; | 
the position of the mixed bog- 
— ns and demanded a -n of tea „o white 
were unconscious that persons in their 
position b A a few ago po: amazin, vigbtit 
pe twice mt amount of labour with greater 
n the da rk was a actually revell 
in in the dipha: of fies beth strength, w nothing bu 
their better and more rational diet wi have yielded 
THE FARM. 
TCH.—Various species and varieties of 
Vetch ie ees beret vs cultivation, but 
for our present purpose we may tl 
these are known in the 
have in the Sou 
the spring aek sown pa tone a8 October. The Vicia 
admi o be a native wild plant by most 
its habitat :— 
corn not bart oor but only in pun 
Vetch is cultivated, and 5 shined to be 
ea indigenous.” tans ini: vol, iii, 
p ts with the seeds 
rae the Vetch seeds sown t 
we are convinced that good bold seal is more profitable 
to sow than the small ones, and they vary in this 
ooo in some being twice the size and weight of 
o 
“that the Vetch is a valuable farm crop ng ve 
following a 
th analysis and r 
Its compositi to Clover, ‘bit it 
t of t‘ Clo gi 
a: we have grown large cro 
om oF Vets ar dnis Choir ts 4 Green 
| Vetch. | Clover. 
Water $216 | 7600 i 
Nitrogengus substánces (Aed forming | 
15) 5.56 g.12 
Non- Eon substances (fitted t 
the forma- 
fat). ʻa 12.74 19.03 
Ino: Sard ‘subatancel tat’ i 1:5 1.85 
a le 
100,00. 100.00 
Tá Morton as Cyclopedia m pinin we find 
following remarks t sa the Vetch = which the 
foregoing fully explain :— 
é common Vetch or Tare (Vicia sativa) may be 
t 
reckoned, néxt to Clover, eR occupies a r breadth 
i t 
S 
as an exceedin: 
3 s hors EFE 
meetan ve ra upon it than on 
othet ro Horned cat } fi 
this Site nag es ae ti 
from any ot er provend nder. pigs ously co e 
d prosper on it witha f : 
re are — eng = i t bulk of 
food em due care, ånd- 
the winter ort is shtet iy i enifa ure the 
season in this onma E or eit y M in the early 
spring, so as to be ready for diac the scythe or for 
grazing before any other oe 3 
this, on 
masters and, 
We may here mention another advantage, and that 
is that Tares are used in time to allow of @ crop of 
ps afterwa With all these points in favour 
of the erop in perma z 
and the small farmer 
Vetches may be so a aiko t anywhere, but we 
pe 2 pe stubble that is destined for late 
T s; and we set about our wor k as follows 
the abl be dirty with the oe -grasses, such as 
i common Couch), stolo- 
= (ben eo we ‘none it by Bentall’s 
alsak rakes coo one way and then then crossed 3 
September, another thitd in October, and the last in 
November, choosing good seed and drilling two bushels 
to the acre. farmers mix a few winter Oats, a 
little winter Barley, Rye, or a sprinkling of B 
the Vetches, but we prefer them by themselves. 
By this plan they come in in succession, and aid the 
plots can be used in succession for roots, in which 
case it is more easily m 
The ord fi er will 1 well know how to use 
green Vetches, or, if he should happen to have plenty 
of kee was. he may perhaps seed this crop; but 
mbered that the yield of seed is very 
the price differ from 
his Vetch crop, m 
find a market for it a biisi stables, and if they have 
to be delivered there anure or lower refuse may 
be brought back me to great advantage: 
From all these circumstances, then, end 
the ponte of Vetches ; and we call 2 now only add, 
na and pigeons are remarkably fond of the 
ak; be pond. both in growing a 
pater ‘fom | their depredations 
Rabbits hares, too, 
field ; bnt ‘with all its drawbacks, green 
Vetches may usually be secured, although the zh the amount 
of seed they any yield is alt toamne 
Rotices of Books, 
ag Soret spe po Europai sive Epicriseos Sys» 
seldom prai the Vetch 
matis eet ree e Bats altera, Scripsit 
8 
Elias Aw Upsalix, E. Berling. 1874. Svo, 
PP 
7 
We have sre received the maien pages of this 
very important work. Greater interest exists every 
day as Faia the higher fu fin aA; ; and no one cer» 
tainly, me by active bast hikioh or multiplied 
s done more towards theit accurate deter- 
ish philosopher to 
It is now fifty-nine years since 
exotic species which have been descri ye 
country are not included, the task being left to 
who either are in possession of the nec n Per mates 
in Ne hes and specimens, or who may entrust them to 
oth 
The Hymenomycetes are comprised in sixty-three 
genera, of which Tre mellodon=Hydnu gf T tome 
Mokai sof tiy pn 
r three species of pem in w 
Solenia from tl 
of Peziza a to 
ear if not identical with t 
Acrhigtiai ; while Apyrenium ja Microee 
least doubtful grog tos The genus 
one returns to its own limits, Polystictus 
cluded again in Polyporus— sanp eiere ter wh 
we feel 1 individually gratefal, as we have never 
adopted it, and have in consequence E eecaped many 
synonyms. 
van a genus Agaricus the a remain the 
E a Smith's Claudopus being adopted=a 
depos “Under Chitonia . 
recorded, | e sub antigay 
by! two rae species lately pul int arnt 
of the Linnean Society. Tie geni us Agaricus alone 
and had those of Ceylon, 
would have contained 
“Tobe ss the e 
If 
ed by the colour of the spores it would be 
quite impossible to rec e nenia ha = 
specimens. igures 
badly dried, are often deceptive : bit ‘with a yer 
The genus Polyporus, nia api 6 ins 27 species. 
Though so many of the exotic specie 2 re sopade a it 
must be rem marked that our or includes al 
new to mi 
has been per hone 
British flora, and even in an ¢ 
two of the most 
