362 THÈ 
GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
[SEPTEMBER 19, 1874. 
these experiments) under a microspectral oppa, 
in a quite dark room with closed windows. The 
spectrum was of course very ngre and without amo 
minate colours; at first I saw only a k blui 
oe? but after continuing two Tae in dack 
outlines of the spectrum became disti ey I now 
a number ot dark. lines and a ve 
absorption band. On turning t the prism. ap m- 
paring ` with 1 the spectrum of a lit candle, i found | the 
blue, from which it, extended into the ultra-violet. 
The absorption lines were situated in the bright blue, 
while the broad the still 
urs nsition from 30° to 15° 
gave no marked difference of intensi ity. 
to the temperature of ‘50° ; a Naats was at 
-once rtinouts ed in this, and the phosphorescence 
rea not be renewed, ‘abre obtained for A. 
olearius, D.C., also 50° ae for aE areri 
53 Humboldt, for decay ed wood, 40°, pi per 
ts of te sag he low: ee limit Saaie to be 
sear int. and. wood 
; i om root wood 
=A fifteen days in an ice cellar at o° 3 it was 
In ordinary water the lumin i and 
it continued in th fatter be several da Fabre 
arriv a similar result with A. olearius, only the 
oc aieka in the boiled water went in a 
inutes, 
> few In E umboldt’ s experiments the phos- 
the 
; utt 
_ water appears not to have been thoroughly boiled. 
Moreover, it is to be remembered that de k CRA wood 
of very loose « 
eee: Pi ae the 
age 
d the caer 
hæ es nee 
goes out very soon ptt Ho acid, 
piven as also in all f diopable liquids, 
it co continues, on the fate 
without, however, increasin; 
ln s, also, where all the parts of the fungus 
se phoaplioreaceat, Tulasne found the a on 
hi n 
o hav 
eon ‘wahjeeed to like conditions,” ’ AY 
so pee 
A y i 
EE 1 by 
our aida e E fox ene in their poses ta 
SE . EDS. | 
gg cog _pigarreau Napoléon, Elton 
whee ite H lack , May e, Florence, 
Frogmore Early Black. GT. T. M files, y oam Abbey. 
ORNWALL.—May Duke, Morellos, and Bigarreaus, 
Hi, Mim “Enys, Penrhyn. 
Morello, Ma d Black Eagle. 
All | varieties s equally iite Bennett, Hatfield alai 
—Bla ane Wh earts, Elton, Bigarrea 
piik. age adit Crown. Thos Woodford, Pastwell 
Park, As te ce 
MERIONE Duke, Late Duke, Bigarreau, 
Elton, and Black fagie, Fas. Bennett, Rhug Gardens, 
C 
HIAN. chy walls : 
nn, Sb pane 
May. Duke, Elton, and 
— M uke 
Eagle, Knig ht’s Early, Mo ora Carnation, and Elton. 
F. Worra aker, ger ii 
on M = uke, ines Morellos, most 
ardens. 
$ essert vai ual 
to “Digarreat Napoléon, Elton, and Belle de Choisy. 
s there is nothing equal. to the Morello, 
Smith, 2 Biston Park. 
THE FARM. 
WHEAT Sowinc.—A few hints upon Wheat 
sowing, now that the season approaches for this 
important farm work, can hardly be out of place. 
Our remarks will have reference to the following 
heads :—1. Preparation of the land for the Wheat 
bia ; 2. Choice o ara 3. Preparation of seed ; 
. The sowing of se 
1. In ploughing * Wheat, our practice is to do 
the work as deep as circumstances will ae on oe 
the soil be situate on a rock, as on the 
freesto 
limestone or oolitic ne, the Es a of pikas 
can seldom exceed 4 inches ; but on e finer loams 
weh ften d th th of 7 inches; 
and when we we can tarn up the soil nizly and regular 
th we re certain of favourable 
results. After plough why our a is to press down 
with the Cambridge or Cro: » or a combined 
roller, and then, after kar the ground is ready 
for the seed. 
2. In choosing seed, the first consideration ae 
sort—a point which © “will co Boge much upon circum- 
stances—the next next matter, be the choice of the 
better sample of corn, and the whiter 
straw the more it will be valued, especially in a 
gentleman’s stable ; and if for market, a clean white 
| pe requires nothi 
og odria kots ween ieee 
There are, however, those who CUA: 45 cena 
k-ball,” i ae ble. 
is advisa 
Thus the side of ihe Ser. “Wheat,” in 
, a ea or Phot «oat ti Se eet i it is 
ee Gag ta own practice, we find that when a we 
to 
~ phob; act ; 
J fs hold. “ne dabiene, Dower ol 
Morton’s Cyclopedia of Agriculture, has the following 
remarks :— 
e Tt ie no ; thi 
which may ibe been entirely free palsy it gia its 
growth. The spores of the fungus which produces it 
water was 
A as to its perfect e effica 
app! in preventing black-ball. 
In our own practice we have conarmed the a a 
the use of the sulphate of coppa to diseas 
and if from any chance a septal 
sample, we always use i + bat Woni when we have a 
choice of seed; and a various 
to this matter we conclude that, to have a crop free 
, the best way is e ensure the most per- 
fect parents, or the best possible seed, and never have 
we had better been both red and white, than this 
year, and yet n bit of our seed was pickled, But 
we must state, dar though we-have sometimes sown 
smutted Wheat which had been duly pickled with the 
sulphate of copper, yet we have never, under such 
circumstances, been so free from the black- 
when we have sown a more eiam selected sample. 
Still, as the expense is not great, and the process 
simple, we give ais. tt the use of the copper 
pickle. 
This process we perform by dissolving a quarter of 
a pound of omais te of copper in a quart of water for 
each bushel—ż.e., 2lb. of sulphate and 2 giid of 
water to eck Trtar -of Wheat—and, when cold, 
sprinkle the solution on the seed, which is spread out 
ans of a watering-pot with 
Wheat will keep good for some days, so there need 
be no hurry in this matter. Care should be taken to 
procure genuine sulphate of copper; the ,soluti 
should be perfect, and if done in quantity/it will be 
found that a little less of the chemical will do,—say 
14 1b. to each quarter of the seed. This will really be 
inexpensive ; s it makes the seed swell, so much 
ess is sown cre by the ordinary drill. 
4. We oe. a dry time for drilling Whea 
when prepared for this work the first Bakpe e 
will be the setting of the drill, and the ranor ination 
of the quantity of seed to be sown per a 
Now, as regards the distance of the rows, we may 
say tha 
we, however, find 9 in 
P 
— 
ctice. Some sow 2 2 bata of seed to the acre ; 
experime ia regard - 
T N 
we prefer 1 bushel ; but it must be borne in mind that =~ 
thin seeding requires, besides good seed, clean I 
and a timely sowing ; so that these matters must be 
much guided by circumstances, In thin seeded crops 
the plants usually tiller to a great amount, and wi 
rows a are always longer, and the 
corn finer and better.. 
These, then, are some of the considerations pr 
should guide us in our wing. 
spring-sown corn the matter is somewhat Cnet 
our remarks, therefore, should be coieidered as apply- . 
d 
ing to autumn sowing, and this, too, as early as 
may be. 
Natural History. 
CANINE -MADNESS,—Until a 
have been found t to cure the drea 
dful disease 
latitude oF abb Gee d ak or ET ) 
deaths be ere om that ise i oe 
for the first 
i 
victim it never. 
of the : 
specific remedy shall wa 
