426 Ait, 
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. (octose-g eel 
branches, a nd the seeds yield an oil. Gmelina arborea, 
a moderate-sized Verbenaceous tree, produces, bes ap 
a strong wood somewhat like Teak, edible frui 
these, together with the root and bark, are tok as 
coat edicines. Bombax Malabari 
ree, growing some 
prod sd a soft wood, used for planks, toys, floats 
fishing tackle, &c. From the fruit, which is a 
woody capsule, 4 to Ai — long, is obtained a quan- 
tity of soft, silky which envelopes the seed in 
the as T silky hairs, 
ran how- 
ever, are short brittle, and are therefore un nsui 
weaving purposes ; it is, 
~ used by the natives for making S RAEO o ios, 
__-but its chief use is for stuffing pillows and cushions. 
From the trunk a gum exudes, veiei Weteed itive 
medicine, aed e Gb calyces of the unex 
nexpanded flowers 
are eaten as av le. Ægle Marmelos is well 
known as the Bael tree ; it grows to a height of from 
30 to 40 feet, and though the wood is close and even 
oe used for agri 
ork, 
tities, A ractount of the value of the fruit, = pulp of 
which is used i icine in cases 
ripe it has a b ae ms perfumed flavour, one 5 
eaten preserved in In general appear: 
ery similar to a la ao Ope, to which idasi ‘the 
tree is closely allied, differing from ne ae in age 
numerous disunited stamens. The , bark, 
tilled to make a perfumed water. The "Elepha nt- outa 
or Wood-apple (Feronia elephantum), is sm ically 
i woody 
the wood is 
“ “Usually. effected by floating, but Nowe timber is “i 
float unaided until it has becom: 
it ie Tarelore, usual in Burma and i 7 arts of India 
to girdle t es—z.e¢., to kill them by a deep circular 
n, wherein it is floated till it arrives at a main 
Tiver or goa stream, in da its diest and forma- 
i ts is possible” 
unting t n in the way i in which it w ill 
move a log, alternately it lifting it with it pushing 
with il ees, first at one om a at 
uired 
it has * it into” req n for 
hoochie sag Salween) a block of age 
bere 
‘sear: The Forest Flora of rag hed and aie | 
; India; ; a Handbook hed Indigenous es and 
Shrubs of those Count. 
ed e e block yaer prama n 
March 30 to Loe hen; was found to weigh 60 
and floated heavily. It was again dried, and by Jane 
3 bl ivhad lightened 1 to 57 lb., and floated, as before, 
easily. Ith 
on Decnnber T IS E 872, it had further lost Wf 7% being 
only a7} Ib., and on August 6, 1873, it was 6 lb. 
i este. streams and feeders take the: single 
main river; but the whole of the upper 
torrent, so that 
are formed int 
"course, which in fie To 
comnised, 0 r whose 
er Government supervision, and t ners 
reolaim their moar on payment of certain Kraig dues 
a scale, 
to the P question of girdlings, the process 
has the wian of rendering the timber floatable, and 
o ch 
— the timber or injures it, is a question 
hotly debated, Pas eoibing. for certain 
Rae Siete tol ject : one allegation against it has 
been disproved oF chai emical analysis—it is found that 
the girdling does not deprive the hard w ood of its 
i il. 
O! 
“But girdling requires the attention of responsible 
rs, 
parties, which; in the present t aaneret condition oi 
ogs | Timber, even in these days of iron, is one of the most 
nae articles apc egy 
a general 
acre), is a work of both time and labour. This time 
and | labour might ght ma more properly been given 
eatment of the forest with a 
went to pci comers to reduce the enormously ex- 
ended a of production, and render the Teak more 
numerous Sand the e fo rest tia tt in "growth by syste- 
1atic limited areas of forest in situations 
e the conditions growth ns favourable and the 
facilities of export gre 
With So oe to the propagation of ripe os plants 
of 
o ax it, as 1 
were, into germination t has been observed that in 
the Central Provinces the seeds do not peeerints till 
the second rains after they are shed, and in many o 
Indian nurseri e custom prevails of ‘artificially 
forcing the seed, ‘‘ by covering it with grass or straw 
kindling 
and es such forc ing process is ever resorted to. The 
germination is sufficiently ps Asi perte and 
lantations it is customary to hang the 
seed up in aa to cat ch the a poles ai the roof 
w days. 
j bat when planted with good shade- 
h young 
prodaeiag tiect which act as nurses to the 
Tea ts Mr. den- ell gives it as hi 
opinion, in which is endors g, that 
he Bamboo is one of the very best nurses for Te 
in Burma. e sa 5 pom of = nest Burmese Teak 
growth may be s mong Bamboos, the Teak, of 
course, fare straight and tall overhead. 
The of growth of z varies, of oe ex- 
ie acco img k cli ot and moisture; in 
Malabar, where at as fine, or perhaps 
net, than any Teale in ie ‘een: nee ate of growth 
remarkably rapid, trees of twenty-three years old 
1 of from 70 to 8o feet. In 
ations required 
forthe protection of the Tea i phts 10 k ep th 
clear of creepers, man: of ig ornare, s 
of ing nature mg infinite mischief b by o nin 
the young Teak plants. The epip yie ipai of 
ae are e also ptt the greatest vegetable enemies 
of th 
(To be continued.) 
Hotices of Books, 
ric 
Brandis, ig 8vo, pp. h companion 
quarto volume, containing seventy Sori plates 
by F itch, peee Allen 
ir iae future of a new country depends in 
meas Paisi the Pinned and forethiscghe of 
a renny silt nists, and i 
than in the line of action Pikes» with the forest lands. 
of com 
a great exten tie 
y of a young colony. “Sorter as Fiet W coe 
a wood y precedes t 
increases in value from year to 
=e 
; . other settle- 
of Europe, much 
vegetation of try, l th were 
of a country, namely, the supply of ti mber, 
barks, gums, resins, oils, &c, , and the preservation of 
a favourable, or the modification of an unfav vourable, 
climate. Moreover, tt pean directly or indirectly a 
affords the greater part a the purely mental enjoyment 
to be derived from the contemplation of a landscape, — 
iti è in 
spirit, thoug course, it r ted; a 
mething may be expected from example. V 
sa pte zg attracted attention, and the authorities 
petent men to carry out 
Sipi es co e found qualified for the work, as 
t ed men in this country was exceed- 
ingly small, and the botanical publications relati 
th f India either too or too scientific to 
much service to the pioneers in Indian forestry. 
oana, many able e were selected who have 
rea ir lives to a muah and collected the 
Eria ü: or them upon which a sound 
S go ig dees as Tass ‘will be based. 
Pia r opa of the book before us 
ohe fic to be mentioned = connection with 
it, oa pete ie for ee of. foresters, we 
= ee a illus an 
other works on oe ; but the information — 
they contaid oi be profitably used by a botanist 
t Rheede’s Aortus 
ing 
over several minor works, we have the “important 
r i ; 
upwards o 2000 uncoloured plates, drawn _by native 
i Th 
and met with ern support at the time, a its value 
has long been recognised. It was com geen 
and domnplniea- i in 1853. During the s od the 
author of the preceding work publishe a his Tisi 
tions of Indian Botany, a quarto work in two volumes, 
with 182 coloured pates also by native artists. 
w u adras. Ro 
‘ Hima- 
layan Plants, Bennett and Brown’s Plante Favanice 
Rariores, and Miquel’s writings on the Flora of t 
uic. 7 the Eas 
ear 
principal works relating to Indian botany, man 
which, however, are very expensive. Descriptiveoctavo 
works, none of which are complete, are represen i 
Hooker 
flora Indica, a very elaborate work, of which only one 
volume, treating of a =! ferme has a Bi 5 
Wight and pea ge Tw arts of a 
less extended 7 Ta. British India, ty Dr. “Hook 
have E appeared, and there is good hope that the w 
wi ly man: 
Ceylon an = shai Peninsula. 
Coming no e direct couie of 
book (or rather I posis for there i isa ie ar 
in its way, and for the pipoa better 
n 
of 
certain extent, Beddome’s sgt and this sup 
each other, but the text of this work has the 
tag 
a 
day give us a similar handbook for his province. 
This, like Beddome’s work, is restricted to a sell 
f trees and shrubs, herbaceous plants 
mi os pe ne 
are ‘emia of in half a page, or the matter is 
to six or eigh t pages. ps us, for instance, 
of Sal (Shorea robusta) ooopiss two |} 
tons (Dalbergia ee issoo) t oA 
ectona grandis) t es, z 
Deodara) eight pages. In fact, the book 
interesting ar and instructive information, 
