OCTOBER 3I, 1874.] 
GARDENERS 
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551 
Gold Medal, Royal Horticultural Show, 1872. 
London, 1873. Vienna, 187: 
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FLETCHER, LOWNDES & 00., 
13A, GREAT GEORGE STREET, 
WESTMINSTER, S.W., 
PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
WOOD AND IRON 
Vineries, 
And every description of 
e HORTICULTURAL BUILDING 
Constructed on our 
PATENT TUBULAR RIB SYSTEM, 
EITHER PLAIN OR ORNAMENTAL. 
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5 Also of the 
4 PAIL 
-VENTILATING and VAPORISING 
: HEATING APPARATUS, 
By which Purity of Atmosphere is Secured, and 
Great Saving of Fuel Effected. 
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Churches, Public Buildings, Mansions, and 
Horticultural Buildings Heated by 
Hot Water. 
FT AU I te a PEP eas Te ACE Ae NR che Creams E ety aie ae ee CE Nan a ESES ear OPT Ft 
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“FLETCHER, LOWNDES & co, 
Conservatories, Greenhouses, 
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1874. 
——— E 
THE CHRYSANTHEMUM. 
HE dreariest time of the year is fast 
December, even if, as often 
all the friendly gatherings and associations 
which cluster round the great birthday. Then 
in January, as the carol sings :— 
‘ Though the cold grows stronger 
Yet the days grow longer,” 
and this lengthening of the days and the signs 
French call it, seems the most natural thing in 
the world—the month when the sodden leaves 
are thick upon the paths, and the dense brown 
choking fogs hang over cities and rivers like a 
What shall’ brighten our garies, from 
” has long dis- 
Paaa and which boasts a few limp Michae!- 
mas Daisies as a legacy from brighter days? 
i d to fill the breach, | 
but it is one which presents us with 
the form and colour of its soms 
that it is a host in- itself, and by its brightness 
and cheerfulness compensates as far as may be 
for the absence of the brighter diet of the 
past season. It is to the Chrysanthemum that we 
must look to fill the gaps which have been made 
in our floral ranks, and it will be found well 
worthy of any confidence which we may repose 
in it. 
Hae is said now-a-days in praise of “ old- 
fa gardens,” and deservedly so. 
that has ‘ead Henry Kingsley’s delightful sketch 
of Hornby Mills Garden has not longed to 
construct—or at least to behold—such a pleas- 
(By the w 
y 
° 
—as far preferable to any of its modern substi- 
isg sano ; 
eam to PE SEVE was mainly aie to Sir 
it were more frequently met with. In our public 
gardens there seems no reason why bed- 
ich hardly vari 
goniums, Calceolarias, and similar flowers. This 
is certainly one of the things that they manage 
etter in de op pone at the Luxembourg 
asinine an Lou 
e have so age or other got 
Dh e this iong digression, to the Ch 
hemum which was intended to be the subject 
of this paper, we giis note a few of the inte- 
esting points connected with it and its 
introduction. 
o far as we can ascertain, the Pompon was 
the first form of the Chrysanthemum which was 
was reintroduced by Mr. Fort 
name of the Chusan Daisy. 
g plant, and, to our eyes, 
attractive as the more free-growing larger form ; 
but it is useful as a contrast, and as coming at 
a time when flowers are scarce, and some even 
prefer it to the latter variety. 
The pink-flowered Pri Chrysanthemum, 
which is now so comm r London gar- 
dens, was introduced ie the Royal gardens at 
Kew, in 1790, from France ; it is figured in the 
Botanical Magazine for 1796, from specimens 
which had flowered at Colvill’s nursery at 
Chelsea. A very good account of its introduc- 
tion to Europe and the earlier known varieties 
Sabine in the H 
Abraham Hurme. A merchant of Marseilles, 
named Blancaia, SNA, these varieties from 
China to Marseilles in 1789. Two of these died, 
but the third, the common pink variety above 
this time the neat ‘of the jy Daal 
has steadily increased ; the yearly shows in the 
to en- 
tutes asa nosegay is toa rongach) akan Tem ple A have done mu uch 
at Bagshot, and Azaleas were hardly invented ;” | and c weet 
but somehow or carpe 
good show 
without them, and a show which was continuous 
i most of the year. But if we go back 
n imagination a hundred years or so, and 
attempt a fill our pees with the flowers then i in 
hall fi 
Ne o re pgba iumsand yellow Calceolarias, 
the acme of vul modern gardening when 
placed together ; no Beet t (except in the kitchen 
arden) ; no Lobelia; no “foliage plants y 
no Chrysanthemums. Like many other 
d times,” s the de 
property was accidentally 
| nati es of a village who € 
ince the introduction of gular - 
Chrysanthemums, which have more than once 
been noticed in these columns, has secured it a 
permanent place among florists’ flowers. 
The popularity of the Chrysanthemum among 
he Chinese and Japanese is well known, and 
en referred to by the older writers, such 
as Rumphius, Loureiro, and Thunberg. No 
doubt the folk-lore of so favourite a plant is in 
its own country 
concerning it have rea 
ever, that a liquor is distilled from its flowers 
which is regarded as an “ elixir of life,” and this 
ver 
