Novemer 28, 1874.] THE 
GARDENERS’ ~ CHRONICLE. 
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Gardeners Chronicle. 
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1874. 
APPOINTMENTS aoe Bae! ENSUING WEEK, 
' Clear: e of Nursery Stock at Felt- 
Monpay, Noy, ham, 
í 27) Sale of wi lots of Dutch Bulbs, at Stevens’ 
‘ Three ree days? Chrysanthemum, &c., Show at 
Tvespay, Dec x Birmingham. : 
Sale of Pens of Poultry and Pigeons, at 
+ Royal Horticultural Society: M f 
icuitura 1e! ectin. o 
Fru d Floral Committees, at 11 pd ; 
Scientific Co: ttee, at 1 P.M 
Sale at the Lavender Hill Nursery. 
Sy gia rees and out Swadi 
B at {ten rT? 
Dutch aa at Stevens’ Rooms. 
[R. JAMES HOWARD of Bedford, ~~ 
4 lately brought the subject of the SAN 
Y CONDITION OF VILLAGES before si 
Cc 
master the sewage difficulty. 
a > job, well suited to the pursuits aa abilities 
$ (5 sanitary 
_ Matters have been left too much to medical 
_ Men, Scientists, philanthropists, and statesmen, 
a but the ti arrived when practical 
Steps must a taken, by those most immedi- 
= concerned, to remedy the sanitary state 
ee > s country w village s, farmhouses, &c. The 
and science of the ‘matter are now toler- 
y well unders 
: suffering, preventible death ; in 
n the right, i it represents improved health, growing 
is and increasing growth of plants. There 
i but one right placefor the residuum of labour— 
_ that place is the earth. Each field and garden is, 
oF ought to be, a sanitarium. Whatever mode 
the smsing—the u, or the liquid—be adopted, 
€ natural extinguis her of all that endangers 
ee m y 
sn itis transformed into food. 
hut-shell, We may allow the residuum of our 
coma uses to Become the nucleus $ fever and other 
z , OF convert it into a means of 
E nay ey ‘part = 
of annihilating it. Even cremation, were it 
possible, is more of a distributing than a con- 
Yee force. But the earth is fed and nourished 
with our waste, and the point of most import- 
Hitherto, one of the 
greatest mistakes has arisen from the accumu- 
lation of dirt. This has added much to the 
trouble and expense of re-distribution, and to 
the total neglect in general of the sanitary state 
of villages and isolated houses. The refuse of 
these has not been thought worth collecting 
or distributing ; hence it has not only been 
wasted, but allowed to scatter broadcast the 
seeds of disease, until the sanitary state of rural 
at their sources, and hardly has a mountain 
stream leaped, a thing of purity and io from 
its clean home of on amid the rocks than 
it is contaminated by the foul pollutions that 
trickle from the first shanty, cotter’s A, 
hamlet, village, or farmhouse that it passes 
And so on and on, all the way to the fleet- 
carrying river and the sea—each one adding 
to the pollutions of his neighbourhood higher 
up, and each lower town drinking tea made 
from the foul refuse of his neighbour’s slops 
and solid residuum, Faugh! were the practice 
not so common, it would be held disgusting to 
nauseation. And had not the water by its 
power of deposition, and the earth by its cleans- 
ing functions stepped in to counteract the 
suicidal unreason of ma e race would 
long ago have perished—its strength laid, 
its vitality ganan by the intolerable burden 
of its own pollution 
Thi national loss E kon our lack of 
sanitary zement s is a ailing, and may | 
Over Darwen, , but, eect Registrar. 
General’s catalogue of preventible deaths, it 
gives us no correct measure of the magnitude 
of the evil. Hundreds, nay, thousands, die 
yearly who might be still alive, Who can esti- 
mate the possibilities, the pr that 
ght have tored up in lives thus 
prematurely cut off ? 
It would be still more impossible to 
measure the loss to the nation and the world 
arising from that lassitude, lack o 
stolidity, aig eit almost total incapacity 
to do a y good work, physical, mental, or 
moral, which i is in a large measure traceable to 
the wretched sanitary arrangements of men’s 
dwellings. Some of us can write from experi- 
ence in this matter. Under the very smoke 
of the most lordly mansion we haye seen young 
men herded shalies aye 
in black dreary bothies, desti destitute of every con- 
venience that could ensure See common 
— sanitary pro- 
and with i iron resolu- 
tion have come 
eminence, too many of the rank and file have 
houses and society of some sort. Looking back 
on the roll of young men wn 
are struck more with the number we miss 
from the rolls of ordinary prosperity or fame 
than the comparatively few we find. Where 
are the missing ones? Many dead—perhaps 
wretched nania. amoan 
cannot call 
more worse than dead; and we charge the | 
lodg- 
of three who slept a went to ruin on the 
rocks of i intemperance, was there to keep 
men steady in such a Bile kennel ? 
A wretched home provided by an employer is 
the worst possible ot zoe on an estate: i 
saps a man’s physical strength, lowers his 
mental capacity, tase the fire of his 
intellect, and exert 
to drag him down, soul and bo 
low level. i 
he home be clean, sweet, comfortable, attrac- 
tive, impr oving, and the chances are its occupier 
will be likewise. It is even more certain that a 
wretched, dilapidated home developes ATA 
those who delight to give away food ean clothing 
at the coming season of festivity and also 
cold, will also take a turn through the cottage 
homes on their estates, and while doing so not 
forget to look into the farmhouses, shepherds’, 
oresters’ and gardeners ROMER ` 
ings provided for young m ir estates. 
often suffice to 
would s ri 
abolish the rural rookeries that yet exist in the 
piws sheds of many gardens, and to improve 
and cottages that are yet far from 
being what a home that shall preserve the health, 
improve the morals, and aid the intellectual 
culture of its inmates, ought to be, 
Increased production is the rage over the 
whole field k industry. One of the first 
results of an improved sanitary state of the 
rural districts will be to remove the clog which 
dirt has fastened on the agents engaged in it— 
men. ‘They, strengthened by improved sani- 
tary arrangements, will be the better able to deal 
in detail with all other sanitary difficulties. As 
in most other difficult matters, so emphatically 
here is prevention better than cure. The quick- 
: scavenging his 
problem is now more easy for towns), the 
country would become the richer. This 
the best kind of self-help. Let the rural dis- 
tricts do the best for themselves, and they 
will at the- same time be doing their 
for the whole nation, 
have a great advantage over 
peaniys machinery for collection, 
The rural districts 
“i 
thing to be rid of there all aroun 
eager to receive it. Our danger and difficulty is 
the land’s safety and opportunity, It needs 
more abundant replenishment with good things, 
ere—in the residuum of each house and 
an 
farm—are the things it lacks and craves for, 
Surely and en ray! ® will be forth 
its covering 1 
fe cveng ea er vators in 
; they have done much 
efoti inilayhkvo da 
sainighet nured, hai 
S| Scot smashed, attit the podè extth 
has often groaned | beneath our fussy hayes po 
ow 
it asks for a few meals of solid or liquid food 
from each house or farm throughout the country, 
it cannot, will not surely be denied—especially 
while the relief craved is from disease, veers 
