REMAINS, FROM ARKANSAS AND LOUISIANA. 203 
Im four additional cases the border is more or less dull on one side and sharp 
оп the other. In one Arkansas male, one Arkansas female, and six Louisiana male 
crania, the dullness of the border is accompanied by small to well-marked sub-nasal 
fosse ; and in one Arkansas female and two Louisiana male skulls there are sub- 
nasal grooves or gutters. In an additional Louisiana male skull (No 225,215) а 
slight sub-nasal fossa occurs on the right, and a moderate groove on the left. These 
two manifestations are doubtless only modes of the same structural tendency. 
The nasal spine on the whole is less developed in Indian crania than in those 
of the whites, and the skulls of the series under consideration form no exception to 
this rule. They exhibit this feature as follows :' 
ARKANSAS | LOUISIANA 
Males Females | Males Females 
Well-developed nasal 1 0 4 
spine(aboutasaver- 
age in whites) | | 
Sub-medium height| 8 7 | 7 9 
as well as protru- | | 
sion (= length) | | | 
| | 
No height and sub- 4 2 | 3 | 4 
medium protrusion | | 
Prognathism has been treated. under “ Measurements.” The protrusion of the 
alveolar processes ranges from what would be regarded as approximately medium 
in whites to that which is decidedly above such medium but does not equal the pro- 
trusion in the skulls of most members of the black races. In general the alveolar 
processes in the Arkansas and Louisiana skulls are regularly arched. There are 
no diasteme, and, on the other hand, in a few cases only is there any crowding. 
(See under Teeth, page 208.) 
Sub-orbital Fosse.—By this term the writer designates the entire large depres- 
sion extending over the anterior surface of the superior maxilla beneath the orbit 
and particularly beneath that portion of the malar bone which forms part of the 
lower border of the orbit. This depression, known imperfectly as the “canine 
fossa," is of some racial importance, since in some peoples it is generally much less 
developed than in others, and may even be wholly wanting, as in the case of many 
of the Eskimo. In Indians it often shows less depth than about the average in 
whites ; yet there are also localities from which some of the Indian crania, at least, 
show sub-orbital Говва of fair depth. As will be seen from the table (p. 204), 
this is somewhat the case in both the series of skulls under consideration.’ 
1 In 13 male and 7 female Arkansas skulls from the old collections in the National Museum, 
the condition of the nasal spine is; Well developed, M. 4, F. 0; sub-medium height as well as protru- 
sion, M. 6, F. 6; no height, sub-medium protrusion, M. 3, F. 1 
2 [n 13 male and 7 female skulls of the old National Museum collections, the condition of the 
sub-orbital fosse is as follows : Well marked, M. 3, F. 5; sub-medium, M. 4, F. 1; shallow to absent, 
M: 6, F. l. . | 
