204 REPORT ON AN ADDITIONAL COLLECTION OF SKELETAL 
ARKANSAS LOUISIANA 
Males Females Males Females 
Well-marked | 3 1 2 9 
Sub-medium | 3 3 4 6 
Shallow to absent | 5 3 6 2 
The Lower Jaws. 
The /ower jaws are generally of moderate dimensions, and all have a moder- 
ate to fairly well-marked prominence of the chin. In the skulls of seven of the 
Arkansas males, three of the Arkansas females, seven of the Louisiana males, 
and seven of the Louisiana females, the chin is more or less square. The bone is 
generally of good strength, but in no case very massive. The angles show a pro- 
nounced eversion in one case only, the lower jaw of female skull 255.103, Louisiana. 
Malar Bones. Zygome. 
The malar bones, іп both the Arkansas and the Louisiana series, generally 
show moderate to good development, and very few unusual features. The malar 
tuberosity, or torus is well marked in a few cases, and the same is true of the pro- 
cessus marginalis. None of the malar bones shows division, and there is not even 
a case of a marked fissure in the processus temporalis. 
The zygome present nothing extraordinary. 
Base of the Skull. 
About the base of the skulls there are several features of racial significance to 
which attention has been directed by the writer already in several instances. These 
are, principally, the relative depression of the petrous portions of the temporal bones 
(as seen when the upturned skull is examined from above), and the size of the 
middle lacerated foramina. They are related to the development of the brain, 
vary, in general, directly with the mental activities of the individual, and their dif- 
ferences extend to entire groups of people. 
In a man or woman of the white race who has been well educated and has been 
well above the average in mental activity, the development of the brain has affected 
the skull in such a manner that the more yielding parts surrounding the petrous 
portions have been pressed outward, leaving the petrous portions themselves in a 
decided depression; and as such skulls have also grown in breadth and length more 
than is usual, while the petrous portions remained unaltered, the middle lacerated 
foramina have become more spacious, In individuals in whom extraordinary 
mental activity, with consequent brain growth and skull expansion, has not been 
realized, the depression of the petrous portions and the size of the middle lacerated 
foramina remain small. In the child there is no depression of the former, and the 
