REMAINS, FROM ARKANSAS AND LOUISIANA. 205 
size of the latter is insignificant. Іп people belonging to races not characterized by 
extraordinary mental activity, such as the negroes and the Australians, the inferior 
surface of the petrous portions is either level with or but slightly below both the 
neighboring surfaces of the basilar process and the sphenoid bone, and the middle 
lacerated foramina range from very small to small. Occasionally in these cases 
a flattened portion of the apex of the petrous part extends clear over on to the 
body of the sphenoid, leaving but a small lateral aperture representing the middle 
lacerated foramen. In the anthropold apes, even those whose skulls are best de- 
veloped, the inferior surface of the petrous portions is slightly razsed (as seen from 
above in the upturned skull) above the basilar process and the sphenoidal parts, while 
the foramina lacera media are either insignificant or entirely absent. Finally, 
in the lower monkeys and in quadrupeds there is a still more pronounced portion 
of the inferior part of the petrous wedge clear above (in upright position of the 
skull, below) the neighboring bone surfaces. 
It is thus seen that these two features, namely, (1) the depression of the petrous 
portions within the other structures of the base, and (2) the grade of depression and 
the size of the middle lacerated foramina, are of significance and always worthy of 
attention. In the Indian they range in general from what would be about medium 
in whites to approximately the average in the African negro; but they differ some- 
what according to locality. In the Arkansas and Louisiana crania of the present 
series, the conditions regarding these two features are as follows :' 
қалама LOUISIANA 
Males Females | Males | Females 
Petrous Portions | | 
Level or almost level with 2 3 0 8 
the neighboring surfaces 
Slightly depresse 1 4 7 7 
Moderately ene 4 2 || 6 3 
Well depresse 0 0 | 1 0 
|| 
Middle lacerated foramina | 
Small 4 5 | 9 | 11 
Moderate 4 4 | 5 | 
Тһе smaller Arkansas group does not clearly show sexual differences, but in 
the Louisiana series the female skulls indicate a decidedly inferior character, that 
is, extraordinary brain development is exhibited less frequently than in the males. 
Somewhat similar differences exist, according to the writer's observations, also in 
the white race. 
The stylozds are more often imperfectly developed or wanting altogether in the 
Indians than in whites; but there are individuals in whom the styloids reach propor- 
tions that would be regarded as average or well developed in whites, and the num- 
ber of such individuals may be larger in some localities than it is in others. In the 
Arkansas and Louisiana crania the conditions are as given in the table (p. 206). 
Paramastoids.—A slight to moderate, non-articular, irregular elevation, between 
n 15 male and 11 female Arkansas EU from the old collections in the National Museum 
the ша of the petrous portions is: Level, M. 1, Е. 1; slightly береме, M. T, F. 9; moderately 
ressed, M. 5, F. 1; well depressed, M. 2, F. ТЕ 
