REMAINS, FROM ARKANSAS AND LOUISIANA. 215 
The Ulna. 
The average dimensions of the ulna are given in a table in the section on 
Fibule (page 220). There are only 39 шпе in condition to permit measurement. 
The bones of the right side exceed perceptibly in length those of the left side, 
in both the males and the females. The curvature is usually fairly well marked. 
The pronator quadratus ridge is generally well developed, and occasionally, as in 
female ulna 255.219, Louisiana, is pronounced. The shape of the shafts of the 
ulnæ is given in the next table. The shafts, it is seen, are chiefly prismatic; but 
there are also numerous cases in which there are four instead of three distinct sur- 
faces, due to duplication of the posterior plane, and many instances in which one 
or more of the surfaces are pronouncedly concave. 
ULNA—SHAPE OF SHAFTS AT MIDDLE 
| ARKANSAS LOUISIANA 
Types of Shape | и А тарау | || ————— i = м “ — 
| Males | Females | Males | Females 
Right| Left | Right| Left Right Left | Right! Left 
Number of specimens | | | | | | | 
examined D^» | ДВЕ КЕ а | it 16 N | P | 17 
| | 
Турев: | | | | | | | 
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The Femur. 
The length of the femur in the Arkansas and Louisiana groups shows slight 
differences, but as these are unequal in the two sexes, they are probably without 
significance. The length of the female femur is to that of the male approximately 
as 92 to 100, the same relation as with the humeri. In most of the subdivisions the 
left bone is of very slightly greater average length than the right, a phenomenon 
observed also in whites and in other races. 
Additional measurements of the femur pertain to the sub-trochanteric flatten- 
ing, which in the whites has been studied principally by Manouvrier. Of this 
1 Manouvrier, L., La Platymérie. 46. The same, La Platymérie. C.-R. du Congr. intern. 
d'Anthrop., Paris, 1889. 47. The same, La Platymérie. Rev. mens. de l'École d'Anthrop. de Paris, 
1892. 51. The same, Étude î r eg morphologiques du corps du fémur dans l'espéce humaine. 
. d'4 . de Paris, : eu 
gens бича араа bibliography and observations: Klaatsch, H., Die Wichtigsten Variationen 
am Skelet der Freien Unteren Extremitat des Menschen und ihre Bedeutung für das Abstammungs- 
problem. Ergebnisse der Anatomie und Entwickelungsgeschichte, X, Wiesbaden, 1900, p. 599, et seq. 
