AND BLACK RIVERS, ARKANSAS. 327 
of the ornaments and some with perforations in the ends for attachment. we are 
strongly inclined to consider them ear-plugs. 
Burial No. 11, the skeleton of а child, had at the песк three marine shells 
(Oliva literata), cut to permit stringing as beads; one shell bead at the right wrist ; 
a mussel-shell hoe above the pelvis; slightly to the left of the pelvis a small bowl 
and a bottle, and an undecorated pot in which was a small bone. With these 
vessels was a rudely modeled head that belonged to a vessel not present with the 
rest. Three shell beads were at the ankles. 
With a few disturbed bones not recorded as a burial, were two fragments of 
sheet-copper; some shell beads; a number of pillar-shaped supports for receptacles, 
lying in a mass together, similar to others we have referred to with the exception 
that these, while modeled, had not been fired. 
Scattered through the debris at this place were the usual piercing implements 
of bone, and disks made from fragments of pottery vessels, some perforated, and 
some not; also one perforated earthenware disk about 2 inches in diameter, which 
had been shaped and fired. 
There were found also several small arrowheads of flint; a diminutive ear- 
plug of earthenware, coated with red pigment; several antler-points, cut squarely 
off, and in several instances having a boring in the proximal end, which, however, 
was not of sufficient size to have chambered the shaft of an arrow. 
One earthenware pipe and part of another one, both of ordinary type, were 
found apart from burials. 
The sixty-six vessels found by us, broken and whole, were in the main undeco- 
rated and of ordinary forms. Asa rule, earthenware lay near the skulls, but no 
burial had more than four vessels. 
The use of red paint was six times noted on the pottery at this place, three 
times in uniform coating. 
The order of arrangement of vessels at the Cummings Place presented no new 
feature. In one instance a small bowl, erect, was completely covered with the 
inverted base of a large vessel that had been broken into a circular form for the 
purpose. 
Mussel-shells, usually badly decayed, were present in some of the vessels, as 
was one shell spoon in fragments. : 
In one vessel were many decaying fish bones. 
The thrifty natives who formerly inhabited the Cummings Place had been 
quick to utilize broken vessels for interment with the dead. In no fewer than four 
instances there, where interesting vessels were found, important parts were missing, 
though in three cases (as in the case of broken feet) the area of fracture had been 
smoothed to render the vessel efficient. 
We shall now describe the more interesting vessels from the Cummings Place. 
Vessel No. 59. This bottle, shown in Plate XXIII, is of yellow ware, having 
on the body in red pigment, as decoration, an arrangement based on the triskele, 
much in the manner of many of the swastika designs from St. Francis river. 
