SOME ABORIGINAL SITES ON RED RIVER. 535 
shell beads, and a little farther along was a mussel-shell in fragments, near which 
was a vessel, badly crushed. 
Still farther along the right-hand wall, continuing toward the head of the 
grave, were parts of two pipes in fragments, lying parallel, the bowls in the same 
direction. These pipes each had only about 6 inches of stem, the other parts being 
missing through breakage before interment, as was clearly apparent from the ap- 
pearance of the broken surfaces. It is probable that pipes of the type found in this 
mound, having bowl and stem in one piece, the stems, in some cases, of consider- 
able length, were not discarded when parts of the stems were broken off, but were 
continued in use by the owner and later were interred with him. | 
BURIAL NUMBER 4. 
The beginning of the pit which contained Burial No. 4 was not apparent, though 
the pit evidently had its commencement well up in the mound. Presumably it 
started from the surface and, in this event, was 12.5 feet in depth, or one foot below 
the dark, basal layer of the mound. This grave-pit, of course, varied slightly in di- 
mensions in its downward course. At the bottom where the burial lay, the side of 
the pit to the right of the skeleton was 7 feet 7 inches in length ; and that to the left 
was 7 feet 3 inches. Across the end of the pit nearest the skull the distance was 
4 feet 2 inches, and the opposite end was 4 feet 9 inches. 
The skeleton, probably of a male, was of an adult advanced in years. It lay 
extended on the back, the head directed almost due N. The face was turned partly 
to the right. None of the bones was in condition to save. 
At the skull of this burial was a long bead of shell similar to others found near 
skulls in this mound. Its exact position in respect to the head was not determined 
as the spade which came upon the burial disturbed the bead. 
At each side of the skull, at the ear, was an ear-ornament consisting of a disk 
of shell to which, centrally on one side, a boss of sheet-copper had been attached, 
There is a perforation in the center of each disk to allow attachment to something 
(probably of a perishable nature, since it was not found) which went behind the lobe 
of the ear. 
About one foot to the left of the skull were eight flint arrowheads whose posi- 
tion was somewhat disarranged in removal owing to the hardness of the soil in which 
they lay. ! 
At the neck had been pearls perforated as beads, a few of which, badly decayed, 
were recovered in company with fragments of others. 
Strangely enough, no mortuary deposits lay on the chest or near the arms and 
hands of this burial. 
At the outer side of the left knee were four arrowheads of flint. 
About 10 inches from the right knee was a group of three pottery vessels, all 
upright. са 
Nine shell beads were at the right ankle and eleven were at Ше left. 
Away from the burial and near the wall of the grave were various deposits. 
