SOME ABORIGINAL SITES ON RED RIVER. 539 
elliptical in outline, and about .75 inch in length, belonging to the class of objects 
we have described as probably being fastened to other objects worn as ornaments. 
At the right wrist were thirteen discoidal 
beads of shell, each about .25 inch in diameter. 
At the right humerus was a bottle, crushed 
and another at the right shoulder. 
At each side of the neck was an imitation 
in shell of a canine tooth of a carnivore, 2.25 
inches in length, perforated for suspension. 
One foot from the skull lay a mussel-shell 
in fragments. 
In the left-hand upper corner of the grave 
was a pipe placed vertically. This pipe was 
struck several times by the spade of a digger 
who had been instructed to remove soil above 
where the troweling was in progress and who 
carried his work too near the plane on which 
mortuary objects were. It is possible that 
other pipes with this one were crushed and 
thrown back by the digger, as groups of pipes 
placed vertically were found at several points 
in this mound. 
A little farther down the left wall was a 
mass of red pigment, determined by Doctor 
Keller to be red oxide of iron with some lime, 
and a flat celt of quartzite, 5.5 inches in length. 
The pigment and the celt lay abreast of the 
left shoulder. 
Farther down the left-hand side was a 
ceremonial axe of slate, 7.5 inches in length 
(Fig. 30), with a handsome, flaring, cutting 
edge at one end and a cutting edge also at 
the opposite end, which marks the specimen 
as a variant (shown in section in Fig. 31). 
The mark of the handle is plainly visible, and 
shows that the ends of the axe projected before 
and behind. This axe had been placed up- 
right against the wall, and was on a plane 
somewhat above the base of the grave. 
In a group of which the axe formed part 
were three vessels, across the opening of one of 
30.—Ceremonial axe. Ета. 31.—Ceremonial which lay a celt of basanite, 4 inches long. This 
ЕЕ : LI LI 
Haley Place, Ark. axe, longitudinal sec- en smeared with glauconite. 
(Length 7.5 inches.) tion. (Full size.) hatchet had be g 
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