SOME ABORIGINAL SITES ON RED RIVER. 541 
near it, two imperforate disks of shell, each about 1.25 inch in diameter, lying one 
upon the other. Four slender arrowheads of flint, the points all directed the same 
way, lay in a little pile at the outer side of the left tibia, just below the knee. 
At the right and at the left ankles were shell beads, each about one inch in 
diameter, ten at each ankle. 
At the head-wall of the grave, one foot from the left-hand corner. lay a cook- 
ing vessel in fragments, and about two feet farther along and one foot from the wall 
was an earthenware pipe (Fig. 32), the only one of earthenware found in the mound 
differing in general shape from the pipes so abundantly met with in it. 
Fic. 32.—Pipe of earthenware. Haley Place, Ark. (Length 6 inches.) 
Along the right wall, beginning about one foot from the upper corner, was a 
considerable deposit of objects. First came sixteen flint arrowheads, three of which 
were disturbed in removal. The points of the remaining thirteen were in the same 
direction. A selection from these is shown in Fig. 33. 
Next came a deposit of four arrowheads, disturbed in removal; then three 
pottery vessels, crushed to fragments, one of which had been additionally wrecked 
by the deposit above it of two large sandstone hones, deeply grooved. 
Next in order lay a shell drinking-cup wrought from a conch (Fulgur perver- 
sum), neatly smoothed on the exterior surface, but differing from other shell cups 
found in this mound in that the protuberances which are present around the peri- 
phery, or shoulder of the conch, in this instance have not been ground away. 
Near the cup lay two imperforate, elliptical objects of shell, each 2 inches by 
1.65 inch. Curiously enough these objects show not the slightest trace of decay, 
though coming from a grave in which a number of other objects of shell were greatly 
deteriorated. 
Next, side by side, were masses of bright red pigment and of what no doubt 
was used as a blue-black paint. These have been determined by Doctor Keller to 
be respectively oxide of iron, soft and uniform, and oxide of manganese (psilome- 
lane), impure. With these was just a trace of decaying sheet-copper. 
