650 SOME ABORIGINAL SITES ОХ RED RIVER. 
The central trial-hole, at a depth of 4.5 feet, laid bare a deposit of very fine, 
gray ashes, carefully heaped together, evidently the remains of a cremation of a 
human body, though no particle of bone found in the deposit was of a size to give 
any indication as to this. A considerable quantity of the deposit, however, was 
examined by Doctor Keller, who says that it consists largely of bone ash and 
contains large proportions of carbonate and phosphate of lime. 
This deposit, which was irregular in outline, 
was, roughly speaking, 21 inches by 15 inches; the 
thickness of most of it was 1.75 inch, though a kind 
of pocket included in the deposit, 4.5 inches in diam- 
eter, had a depth of 13 inches. 
Above the deposit and extending out around it 
in all directions charcoal and masses of clay had been 
piled. This material had been placed on the undis- 
turbed basal layer, which was evidently the original 
пана “ry surface before the mound was built. The thickest 
Jones Place, Ark. part of this superimposed heap was 16 inches. 
Much of the clay showed the former presence in 
it of fibrous vegetable material which, no doubt, had fulfilled the 
same office for the clay that hair does for mortar. Also on the 
clay were imprints of posts. Presumably this burnt clay was what 
remained of a wigwam after burning, as it is well known that 
among some of the aborigines the burning of the house of a deceased 
occupant was part of the funeral obsequies. 
In the deposit of gray ashes, and outside of it in the burnt 
clay, were three short, piercing implements of calcined bone and 
Fie --Вопе 
ріп with ый гер- 
Place, Ark. (Full 
e.) 
Ета. 130.—Bowl covering cremated remains, Near Jones Place, Ark. (Diam. 7 inches.) 
many fragments of long pins of the same material. The three entire piercing 
implements are each about 1.5 inch in length and have shallow notches on one 
side of the upper end. Out of the fragments one whole pin has been put together 
