SOME ABORIGINAL SITES ОМ RED RIVER. 653 
2 
ever they were incinerated, were carefully gathered into a heap and occupied much 
less space than they originally did, and that over them and around them was piled 
some of the material left from the burning of the wigwam. 
Мосхр В. 
Mound В, the northernmost of Ше three mounds, was circular in outline, with 
a basal diameter of about 38 feet and a height of 3 feet, approximately. The 
mound, however, as in the case of Mound À, presumably had undergone a deposit 
of material around its lower parts, which, by raising the level of the surrounding 
area, had correspondingly decreased the height of the mound. 
Previous diggers had made two considerable trenches in this mound, without, 
however, having carried them to a depth to determine its nature, even had they 
possessed the experience to do so. 
There was put down by us in this mound a central excavation 25 feet square, 
which included much of the former digging, passed beyond it, and at a depth of 
about 5 feet reached the dark layer, about 3 inches in thickness, which marked the 
original surface of the ground. On part of this layer had been a fire-place, and 
part of a grave was apparent, cutting through the fire-place and through the dark 
basal layer. The fire-place was clay, hardened and reddened by heat. It was 
distinctly not the remains of a burnt wigwam, but may have been the hearth of 
such a structure. 
The grave proved to have a length of 10 feet 10 inches, a width of about 7 
feet, and a depth below the base-line of somewhat more than 8 feet. 
This grave-pit had been dug prior to the building of the mound, as was clearly 
shown by the material that had been used in filling the pit, which was mixed and 
which contained many masses of hard, red clay from the fire-place, through part of 
which, as noted, the pit had intruded. 
On the other hand, the mound contained no masses of burnt clay, but was 
composed of two or three layers of sand and clay mixed, differing somewhat in 
shade. These layers were intact. Here, then, as at the Haley Place, an account 
of which has been given in this report, a grave had been dug from the surface of 
the ground, and, when filled, a mound had been erected over it. 
The grave, in its major dimension, extended within two or three degrees of N. 
and 5. The skeleton, that of an adult, at full length on the back, had the head 
directed S. From the upper surface of the burial to the original surface of the 
ground was a distance of 7 feet 9 inches. 
This mound, unfortunately, was on bottom-land and near a swamp whose 
supply of water depended on Red river, which at the time of our visit was in flood. 
The depth at which the skeleton lay was below water level. While the foregoing 
data as to the burial were being obtained, part of the wall of the excavation caved 
in and the lower part of the pit filled with water. қ 
Although an additional day, with а foree of sixteen men, was devoted to reach- 
ing the burial again, the quicksand entered the lower part of the digging faster than 
© у“ l 
80 JOURN. A. N. S. PHILA., VOL. XIV. 
