42 EXPRESSION. 
exhibit the resolution of a Cromwell in a face with 
a small and narrow jaw, or with one of those pretty 
chins like a bagatelle ball, not uncommon in certain 
localities. And the chin is the more remarkable as 
a feature of expression since its projection forwards 
is distinctive of the higher races of humanity, and 
has nothing to do with the muscles of mastication in 
connection with which the lower jaws of savages 
are often heavy and strong. It has no physical 
function whatever, so far as I am aware. None of 
the lower animals have a vestige of it, and the 
lower races of humanity approximate to them 
in this respect, without loss of power either in the 
lips or jaw. Curiously it happens that the /evatores 
menti, muscles correctly named by the old anato- 
mists muscult superbi, adapted by pushing the 
lower lip upwards to aid that closure of the mouth 
by which is expressed a resolve to resist, accom- 
panied with an assertion of superiority,—it happens 
that those muscles render the integuments of the 
chin more prominent; and if they were sufficiently 
strong, and if the integuments to which their fibres 
descend were adherent to the bone, their habitual 
action would increase the forward prominence; but 
both they and the other muscles of the face 
attached to the chin are far too ‘small for the 
wildest fancy to suppose that they can possess 
