8 HABIT AND INTELLIGENCE. [chap. 



All matter We know that matter h as been endowed with forces 

 with*^"^^*^ of different kinds, gravitative and chemical, which forces 

 forces, are capable of producing motion. We know that matter, 

 in being set in motion by the action of these forces, is 

 not acted on from without : on the contrary, matter is 

 acting as well as acted on. When, for instance, a mass 

 moves, as in the fall of a stone, or when a fire burns 

 and produces heat, which is atomic motion, the energy 

 of the motion is neither created at the moment nor 

 brought from without ; it only becomes actual from 

 being potential or latent. Energy, like matter, has been 

 created. Energy or force is an effect of Divine power ; 

 but there is not a fresh exercise of Divine power when- 

 ever a stone falls or a fire burns. So with intelligence. 

 All intelligence is a result of Divine wisdom, but there 

 is not a fresh determination of Divine thought needed 

 for every new adaptation in organic structure, or for 

 every new thought in the brain of man. Every Theist 

 wiU admit that there is not a fresh act of creation 

 when a new living individual is born. I go a little 

 further, and say that I do not believe in a fresh act of 

 and vital- creation for a new species. I believe that the Creator 

 irelidowed ^^^^ ^°^ separately organized every structure, but has 

 with In- endowed vitalized matter with intelligence, under the 

 igouce. gyj^g^jj^jg Qf which it organizes itself; and I think there 

 is no more Pantheism in this than in believing that 

 the Creator does not separately cause every stone to fall 

 and every fire to burn, but has endowed matter with 

 energy, and given to energy the power of transforming 

 itself. 



We have next to consider the law under which vital 



intelligence acts. This, so far as I can see, is only capable 



of being very indefinitely stated. Tlie only law which is 



common to formative, motor, and mental actions alike is 



Intelli- that their guiding intelligence tends to determine them in 



P'PllCG 



tends to whatever direction is most favourable to the life and 

 guide all health of the organism. I do not think that even disease 

 actions in is any exception to this law. Many diseases, as for 



