APPENDIX. 



As indicated in the title-page of this work, its principal purpose 

 is to state what I believe to be the laws of Habit and the laws 

 of Intelligence ; and further, to show my reasons for believing 

 that intelligence is a distinct principle, not capable of being re- 

 solved into habit or into any other unintelligent agency. In so 

 far as this work is a controversial one at all, its purpose is to 

 prove the independent and ultimate character of intelligence. 



This question as to the ultimate character of intelligence, 

 however, does not stand alone. It is the second of a series of Three 

 three closely related questions, which may be thus stated : — ^^'^'^ 



1. Is life a mere result of physical and chemical forces ? or is Is life an 

 it something transcending aU chemistry, and having its origin ^^^^^ ^ 

 directly in creative power 1 



2. Are the organizing power which builds up the wondrous Are organ- 

 structures of the body, and the intelligence of the mind, mere Jf^^^ ^T 

 results of habit, variation, and natural selection ? or are they intelli- 

 both due to a principle of intelligence which is not capable of ^^ateVcts^? 

 being resolved into any unintelligent principle 1 



3. Is the moral sense to be accounted for by the laws of the Is the 

 association of ideas — that is to say, of mental habit ? or is it ™°^^ ^„ 

 altogether peculiar, and incapable of being resolved into any- ultimate 

 thing else ? 



In this work I have answered aU these questions in the same I answer 

 way : I have expressed my belief that life, intelligence, and the ^fg^^^-^^ 

 moral sense are each incapable of being resolved into anything tive. 

 lower than itself. 



With respect to the moral sense, I have briefly stated my Moral 

 conviction that although it is developed out of the love of®^°^®' 

 pleasure and the fear of pain, yet it contains an element which 



