I 



XXIII.] THE CAUSES OF DEVELOPMENT. 295 



only purely physical caiises that have been assigned or that 

 appear assignable, for the origin of organic structure and 

 form. But I believe they will account for only part of the I believe 

 facts. It is my belief that all such solutions of the problem jiizjng j^f' 

 are inadequate, and that no solution of the questions of the telligence, 

 origin of organization and the origin of organic sp)ecies can above 

 be adequate, which does not recognise an Organizing Intel- ^"-^^^i 

 ligence over and above the common laws of matter. Or, in 

 other words, I do not believe that the relation of means to distinct 

 purpose in organization is a mere case of the law of cause physical 

 and effect. This is what I aim at showing in the present causation. 

 and the following chapters. But we must begin our inquiry 

 by considering hmo much of the facts of organic structure 

 and vital function may be accounted for by the two laws 

 of self-adaptation and natural selection, before we assert 

 that any of those facts can only be accounted for by 

 supposing an Organizing Intelligence. 



Here I must guard myself beforehand against a miscon- 

 ception. I shall be compelled to say that some organs 

 and structures may have been formed by the forces of 

 ordinary matter acting on and through the laws of Habit, 

 while other organs and structures can only be the work of 

 Intelligence. But this is not an accurate way of speaking. 

 It is only a concession to that narrowness of our under- 

 standing which compels its to think and speak of things 

 apart which in nature are always and necessarily united. 

 Life does not suspend the action of the ordinary forces of 

 matter, but works through them. I believe that wherever "Where life 

 there is life there is intelligence, and that intelligence is J^'teiii.^'* ^^ 

 at work in • every vital process whatever, but most dis- gence : 

 cernibly in the highest. In every vital action, whether discernible 

 formative, motor, or sensory, whether conscious or nn- J" t^® 



1 T p p 1 bignest 



conscious, the ordinary forces of matter are at work, functions. 

 directed and controlled by life and intelligence. But, 

 though I believe that these two sets of causes act in every 

 manifestation of life, — the forces of inorganic matter on 

 the one hand, and life with intelligence on the other, — 

 it is a mere statement of obvious fact to say that the 

 inorganic causes are most discernible in the lower vital 



