APPENDIX. 343 



they are inadequate — to retard them when vio- 

 lent — or to change them when wrong. Both 

 the chemical and mechanical powers are made 

 use of in Surgery. — Chemistry is introduced to 

 destroy what cannot be altered — and mecha- 

 nics frequently restore what had been accident- 

 ally or artificially destroyed. It is not only 

 necessary for a Surgeon that he should know the 

 different parts of an animal, but he should know 

 their uses in the machine, and in what manner 

 they act to produce their effect. He ought not 

 only to know the whole of any one simple ac- 

 tion, or the knowledge of all the actions singly 

 — but he should ascertain their correspondence 

 — mark their relations, and acquire a competent 

 idea of the compound actions and general fa- 

 bric of the machine. Operations should never 

 be introduced but in cases of absolute necessity. 

 A Surgeon should never approach a victim for 

 an operation but with humihation — it is a re- 

 flection upon the healing art. He is then like 

 the Savage in arms, who performs by violence 

 what a civilized nation would accomplish by 

 stratagem. 



Mr. Hunter having observed, that the great- 

 est part of the books published in Surgery, con- 

 tain little else than relations of cases, and 



z 4) 



