100 AMERICAN WHITE PELICAN. 
the proventriculus, as well as into the stomach; its walls thin, its © 
inner surface smooth, with numerous mucous crypts irregularly dis- 
posed. The pylorus, g, is exceedingly small, 13 twelfths in diameter, 
with a thickened margin. 
The duodenum g, i, 7, passes backwards and upwards to the length 
of 64 inches, returns upon itself enclosing the pancreas, receives the 
biliary ducts at the distance of 14 inches from the pylorus. ‘The gall- 
bladder is oblong, 2 inches long, and 10 twelfths broad. The intestine 
then forms numerous conyolutions, j,4,/, occupying the whole abdo- 
men, and lying in part over the stomach and proventriculus. Its en- 
tire length is 10 feet 10 inches. Its diameter varies little, it being at 
the upper part 5 twelfths of an inch, towards the rectum 34 twelfths. 
The rectum is 5} inches long, including the cloaca, m, which is glo- 
bular, and about 24 inches in diameter. The ceeca are 1 inch and 1 
twelfth in length, 4 twelfths in diameter, cylindrical, rounded at the 
end. The muscular coat of the intestine is very strong, the inner vil- 
lous. 
One of the testes is 1 inch long, the other 14; their form oblong. 
In the proventriculus and stomach is a vast accumulation of small 
lumbrici, about 13 inch in length, and amounting to about 1000. 
The trachea is 1 foot 10 inches long, a little flattened, } inch in di- 
ameter throughout, but a little narrower about the middle ; the rings 
160, not ossified, excepting the lower. The contractor muscles are very 
small; as are the sterno-tracheal ; and the inferior larynx is destitute 
of muscles. The bronchi are large, 5 twelfths in diameter, of 25 half 
rings. 
The upper mandible is hollow in its whole extent; but the lateral 
spaces intervening between the edges of the median bone or ridge and 
the margins, are filled with a beautiful net-work of bony spicule. The 
two superior maxillary branches of the fifth pair of nerves, which are 
very large, being about 1 twelfth of an inch in diameter at the base, 
run close together along the median line, sending off branches at inter- 
vals, and extending to the end of the mandible. The lower mandible 
is also hollow, and similarly reticulated. The inferior maxillary 
branch, having entered on the inner side at the base, runs in like man- 
ner along its whole length, and is of the same thickness; by an aper- 
ture on the outer side near the base, it sends off a branch almost as 
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