GOOSANDER. 269 
Length to end of tail 24 inches, to end of claws 233, to end of 
wings 203; extent of wings 34; bill along the ridge 1}, along the 
edge of lower mandible 23; wing from flexure 10;; tail 44; tarsus 
15%; hind toe and claw * ; middle toe 27%, its claw 72; outer toe 274, 
its claw 7s. 
The young males after the autumnal moult, and until the middle of 
summer, resemble the females. 
An adult male obtained near Boston examined. The heart is 2 
inches long; the lobes of the liver are nearly equal, the right being 3 
inches 7 twelfths long, the left 3 inches 3 twelfths. 
The upper mandible has about 28 recurved conical, acute, horny 
papillz, and an internal series of smaller, on each side ; the tip of the un- 
guis serrulate ; on the lower mandible are about 40 of the same nature. 
The tongue is 2 inches 1 twelfth long, fleshy, emarginate, and papillate 
at the base, tapering, with a double row of slender reversed papille 
along the upper surface, and two lateral series of filaments on each 
side; the tip lacerated, horny on the back. Posterior nasal aperture 
. oblong, 10 twelfths in length, papillate on the edges. Aperture of the 
glottis 44 twelfths long. The mouth is 10 twelfths in breadth, but 
may be extended to 1 inch 9 twelfths. The cesophagus is 104 inches 
long, its diameter 1 inch 7 twelfths on the neck, contracting to 8 
twelfths as it enters the thorax, but again expanding; the external 
coat of transverse muscular fibres very thick ; the internal layer of lon- 
gitudinal fibres very distinct ; the mucous coat thrown into prominent 
longitudinal plaits when contracted ; the mucous follicles disposed in 
longitudinal single series. The proventriculus is 2 inches long, the 
glandules very numerous, oblong, about 2 twelfths in length, forming 
a complete belt. The stomach is a strong gizzard, of moderate size, 2 
inches long, the lateral muscles 5 twelfths thick ; the epithelium very 
thick, nearly 1 twelfth, longitudinally rugous. In the stomach and 
gullet was a fish 9 inches long, the portions lying in the stomach and 
proventriculus partially dissolved, the rest 4 inches long, not acted 
upon ; there were also two fragments of quartz, one of them a quarter 
of an inch long. The intestine is long, measuring 6 feet 3 inches, its 
diameter from 5 to 3 twelfths. The cceca are 2 inches long, for half 
an inch 13 twelfth in diameter, in the rest of their extent 4 twelfths. 
