306 LITTLE GUILLEMOT. 
along the ridge “, along the edge of lower mandible 1 ; tarsus ?; mid- 
dle toe 1, its claw +; outer toe 1, claw #; inner toe 2, its claw 4. Weight 
84 oz. 
Adult Female, in winter. Plate CCCXXXIX. Fig. 2. 
In winter, the throat and the lower parts of the cheeks are white ; 
the sides and fore part of the neck white, irregularly barred with 
blackish-grey ; the upper parts of a duller black than in summer. 
There is nothing very remarkable in the anatomy of this bird, be- 
yond what is observed in the Auks and Guillemots. The ribs extend 
wery far back, and, having the dorsal and sternal portions much elon- 
gated, are capable of aiding in giving much enlargement to the body, 
of which the internal, or thoracic and abdominal cells are very large. 
The subcutaneous cells are also largely developed, as in many other 
diving and plunging birds. 
The roof of the mouth is flat, broad, and covered with numerous 
series of short horny papille directed backwards. The tongue is large, 
fleshy, 10 twelfths of an inch long, emarginate at the base, flat above, 
horny on the back. The heart is large, measuring 10 twelfths in length, 
83 twelfths in breadth. The right lobe of the liver is 1,% inch in 
length, the left 1,5; the gall-bladder is elliptical. The kidneys are 
very large. 
The cesophagus, Fig. 1, a, is 3 inches 10 twelfths long, its walls 
very thin, its inner or mucous coat thrown into longitudinal plates ; its 
diameter at the middle of the neck 5 eighths, diminishing to 4 twelfths 
as it enters the thorax. It then enlarges and forms the proventriculus, 
ce, which has a diameter of 8 twelfths ; the glandules are cylindrical, 
very numerous, and arranged in a complete belt, half an inch in breadth, 
in the usual manner, as seen in Fig. 2, bc. The stomach, properly so 
ealled, Fig 1, dg, is oblong, 11 twelfths in length, 8 twelfths in breadth ; 
its muscular coat moderately thick, and disposed into two lateral muscles 
with large tendons ; its epithelium, Fig. 2, cde, thick, hard, with nu- 
merous longitudinal and transverse ruge, and of a dark reddish colour. 
The duodenum, fg, curves in the usual manner at the distance of 
11 inch, ascends toward the upper surface of the right lobe of the 
liver for 1 inch and 10 twelfths, then forms 4 loops, and from above 
the proventriculus, passes directly -backward. The length of the in- 
