502 AMERICAN DIPPER. 
secondary quills long, broad, and rounded. ‘ail short, even, of twelve 
rather broad feathers, which are slightly decurved. Legs feathered 
to the joint, but the tarsus entirely bare. 
Bill brownish-black ; iris hazel ; feet flesh-coloured, toes dusky to- 
wards the end ; claws yellowish-grey. The general colour of the plu- 
mage is blackish-grey or deep bluish-grey ; the head and neck choco- 
late-brown, that colour extending lower on the fore part of the neck 
than behind; the downy feathers of both eyelids white; the quills and 
tail-feathers dusky ; the secondaries terminally margined with white. 
Length to end of tail 74 inches; extent of wings 103 ; wing from 
flexure 33; tail 21; bill along the ridge 7%, along the edge of lower 
mandible 13; tarsus 17, ; hind toe °,, its claw 74; middle toe 38, its 
claw +. 
Adult Female. Plate CCCLXX. Fig. 2. 
The Female is in all respects similar to the male. 
In form, size, and proportion, the American Dipper is almost pre- 
cisely similar to the European. 
