( 303 ) 

 THE HERMIT THRUSH. 



TURDUS MINOR, GmEL. 

 ?LATE LVIII. Male and Female. 



This, kind reader, is another constant resident in the Southern States, 

 more especially those of Mississippi and Louisiana, where it abounds 

 during the winter months, and is found in considerable numbers during 

 spring and summer. In the lower parts of Kentucky, Indiana and 

 Tennessee, it is also observed during spring and summer ; but it becomes 

 scarcer as you advance towards the Middle Districts, where a few are oc- 

 casionally seen about the low woodlands of the Atlantic shores. 



Except during winter, this Thrush prefers the darkest, most swampy, 

 and most secluded cane-brakes along the margins of the Mississippi, 

 where it breeds and spends the summer, retiring to higher lands during 

 the period when the alluvial grounds are covered with the water which, 

 during freshets, generally inundates these low cane-brakes and swampy 

 retreats. 



The flight of the Hermit Thrush is performed low over the ground, 

 and in a gliding manner, as the bird shifts from one place to another at 

 a short distance. In this respect, it differs greatly from its relative, my 

 great favourite, the Wood Thrush, the flight of which is more protract- 

 ed, and is performed at a greater elevation. 



The Hermit Thrush has no song, and only utters a soft plaintive 

 note, seldom heard at a greater distance than twenty-five or thirty yards. 

 It is most frequently seen on the ground, where it hops with the same 

 movements employed by the well-known little Red-breast of Europe, in 

 other words, before it hops its breast almost comes in contact with the 

 ground, the tail is a httle raised, the wings droop, and after hopping, it 

 runs a few steps, erects its head, and looks around. 



All the nests of the Hermit Thrush which I have found were in every 

 instance placed lower on the branches of trees than those of the Wood 

 Thrush, seldom above seven or eight feet from the ground, and some- 

 times so low that I could easily look into them. These nests were fixed 

 to a horizontal bough, but were not saddled upon it so deeply as those of 

 the Wood Thrush are. They were smaller, and had no mud or plaster of 

 any kind, but were extremely compact, the outer parts being formed of 



