WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW. 91 



have seen on their passage through the United States were perfectly silent, 

 and usually frequented low bushes and grape vines, the fruit of which 

 they eagerly eat, but never entering the woods. In every instance I found 

 them as gentle and unsuspicious as whilst at Labrador. 



In the plate are to be seen two of these birds, drawn many years ago, 

 one of them a male in full summer plumage, the other a female in the 

 winter dress. I have no doubt that this species retires far south in Mexi- 

 co, to spend the winter. It is nearly allied to the White-throated and 

 Fox-tailed Sparrows, and in its winter plumage it may perhaps prove to 

 be the Fringilla ambigua of my friend Nottall. 



Fringilla leucophrys, Ch. Bonaparte, Synops. of Birds of the United States, 



p. 107 Nuttall, Manual, p. 479. 



Emberiza leucophrys, Gmel. Syst. Nat, vol. i. p. 874 — Lath. Ind. Ornith. voL i. 



p. 413. 

 White-crowned Buntikg, Emberiza leucophrys, Wik. Amer. Ornith. vol. iv. 



p. 49. pL 31. fig. 4. Male. 



Adult male. Plate CXIV. Fig. 1. 



Bill very short, robust, conical, acute ; upper mandible scarcely broader 

 than the lower, both almost straight in their outline, rounded on the sides, 

 with the edges inflected and sharp ; the gap line very slightly deflected 

 at the base, and not extending to beneath the eye. Nostrils basal, 

 roundish, partially concealed by the feathers. Head rather large, neck 

 short, body full. Legs of moderate length, rather strong ; tarsus longer 

 than the middle toe, covered anteriorly with a few longish scutella ; toes 

 scutellate above, free, the lateral ones nearly equal ; claws slender, arched, 

 compressed, acute, that of the hind toe rather large. 



Plumage soft and rather blended above, loose beneath. Wings short 

 and curved, rounded, the third quill longest, the second and fourth almost 

 as long. Tail rather long, nearly even, of twelve rounded feathers. 



Bill reddish-orange, tipped with brown. Iris reddish-brown. Feet 

 pale brown. The head is marked with three stripes of white, and four of 

 deep black. Back and wing-coverts dark reddish-brown, with pale grey 

 margins, the posterior part of the back and upper tail-coverts hghter 

 brown. Quills and tail dark brown, margined with pale ; the tip of the 

 smaller coverts white, as are those of some of the primary coverts, which, 

 with the secondary quills, have chestnut-brown edges. Throat and belly 



