142 AMERICAN SWAN. 



paler beneath, the fore and upper parts of the head tinged with red, 

 the bill reddish flesh- colour j dusky at the point ; the spaces between 

 the eye and the bill, and between its basal angles, covered with mi- 

 nute feathers, which entirely disappear in the adult. The feet are 

 dull yellowish flesh- colour. 



An adult Female, procured at Philadelphia. The edges of the upper 

 mandible are soft, with about 40 transverse lamellae, which do not pro- 

 ject beyond the margin ; those of the lower with about 60 marginal 

 lamellae, the outer lamellae only 22. Bill along the ridge 4^: inches, 

 from the angle of the eye to the tip 4i-§ ; lower mandible along the 

 edge 34 ; depth of bill at the angle of the mouth li% its breadth at the 

 nostrils lj%, near the end li%. The roof of the mouth is deeply concave, 

 with a medial prominent line, on which is a series of hard tubercles. 

 The width of the mouth is 1 inch 5 twelfths. The eyes are very small, 

 their diameter being 5 twelfths ; the aperture of the ear 4 twelfths. The 

 internal cells are of vast size ; the right thoracic being 4 inches long, 

 the right abdominal 6 inches, the right hepatic 5^, the left hepatic 4, 

 the left abdominal 3^, the left thoracic 3. The heart is proportionally 

 of large size, being 3 inches 2 twelfths in length, 2 inches 10 twelfths in 

 breadth. The oesophagus, Fig. 1, abc, is 2 feet 2 inches long, much 

 narrower than the intestine, its average diameter being only 4 twelfths, 

 but at the lower part of the neck it dilates to 8 twelfths ; on entering 

 the thorax, it passes obliquely to the left side, and the proventriculus, ic, 

 has a diameter of 1 inch 2 twelfths. The inner coat of the oesophagus 

 is thrown into strong longitudinal rugae, and the muscular coat consists 

 of two layers, the outer composed of longitudinal, the inner of trans- 

 verse fibres. The stomach, defff, is obliquely situated on the left side, and 

 is an extremely developed muscular gizzard, of an elliptical form, its 

 length being 2 inches 6 twelfths, its breadth 3 inches 10 twelfths. 

 The right lateral muscle ^, is 1 inch 9 twelfths thick, the left e, 1 inch 4 

 twelfths. In the stomach is a large mass of very fine quartz sand, and 

 a great number of germinating seeds of an elliptical form, some about 

 5 twelfths long, and of a brownish-yellow colour, together with shoots 

 of Salicornia. The proventriculus is tm-gid with the latter. Its glands 

 are extremely numerous, of a cylindrical form, about 3 twelfths in 

 length. The epithelium, or inner coat of the stomach, is thick and 

 tough, the two grinding surfaces considerably concave, smoothish, of a 



