168 HAIRY WOODPECKER. 



this black band is one of white, proceeding from the angle of the mouth 

 and curving backwards below the middle of the neck, so as to meet its 

 fellow behind ; this band is succeeded by another of black, proceeding 

 from the base of the lower mandible, and continuous with the black of 

 the shoulders. All the upper parts may be described as black, tinged 

 with brown behind ; the feathers along the middle of the back tipped 

 with white, forming a longitudinal band of that colour ; the wing-co- 

 verts, the anterior excepted, and quills spotted with the same, there be- 

 ing on the four longest primaries seven spots on the outer and five on 

 the inner web, on most of the secondaries five on each web ; but on the 

 outer quill only one patch on each web, and on the second two spots on 

 the outer, and three on the inner. The four middle tail-feathers are 

 glossy black, the rest black only towards the base, the outermost being 

 almost entirely white. The lower parts are white, tinged with dull 

 grey on the fore neck and breast, the sides with blackish-grey. 



Length to end of tail 8f inches ; to end of wuags 7f , to end of 

 claws 7^ ; extent of wings 14^ ; bill along the ridge 1 1'^j ; along the 

 lower mandible 1;^^ ; wing from flexure 4i'V ; tail 2j^ ; tarsus {i ; hind 

 toe ^^, its claw -^^ ; second toe t''^, its claw 1*2 ; third toe ^|, its claw ^, 

 fourth toe 1^^ its claw ^\. 



Adult Female. Tlate CCCCXVI. Fig. 2. 



The Female resembles the male externally, being however more 

 tinged with brown, especially on the quills, and wanting the red 

 patches on the occiput. 



Length to end of tail 8^ inches, to end of wings 7^, to end of claws 

 7^ ; extent of wings 15. 



In an adult male, the roof of the mouth has a prominent middle 

 ridge, which divides posteriorly into two ; the palate is convex ; the 

 posterior aperture of the nares linear-olong, margined with papillae. 

 The tongue is eleven-twelfths long, toward the end horny, pointed, 

 and furnished with two lateral series of acute reversed papillae. The 

 horns of the hyoid bone curve round the occiput, converge on the top 

 of the head, then leave the median line, pass to the right side in a 

 groove round the anterior edge of the orbit, and are deflected back- 

 wards below the eye so far as near the level of its posterior angle. The 

 aperture of the mouth measures b\ twelfths across. The oesophagus 



