316 LINEATED WOODPECKER. 



all scutellate above ; claws strong, much curved, much compressed, 

 deep, broadly grooved on the sides, very acute. 



Plumage blended ; feathers on the upper and hind part of the head 

 linear, glossy, stiffish, with separated barbs, forming a broad occipital 

 crest an inch in length. Wings long, much rounded ; the outer six 

 quills with the inner web cut out : the first very small, being only an 

 inch and three-quarters long ; the second two inches and five-twelfths 

 longer ; the third eleven-twelfths longer ; the fourth two and a half 

 twelfths shorter than the fifth, which is longest ; the foiu'th a little 

 shorter than the sixth ; the third and seventh nearly equal ; the second 

 shorter than the eighth. Tail rather long, cuneate, acuminate, of 

 twelve feathers, the lateral only an inch and three-quarters long ; slen- 

 der and unworn, the rest pointed ; the middle feathers exceeding the 

 second outer feathers by an inch and eight-twelfths. 



Bill horn-coloured, bluish toward the end, dusky at the point. Feet 

 greyish-blue, claws bi'ownish. The upper part of the head, including 

 the forehead and occiput, vivid scarlet ; a narrow dusky line from the 

 nostril to the eye ; a patch, including the eyelids and ear-coverts, 

 leaden-grey ; a narrow band down the hind part of the neck gradually 

 enlarging, the back, wings, and tail deep black ; a band from the nos- 

 trils obliquely descending over the side of the head, passing backwards 

 behind the ear, then much enlarged, and running down the side of the 

 neck to the shoulder, a large oblique patch at the commencement of 

 the wing, including the outer scapulars, the small feathers on the edge 

 of the wing under the alula, the lower wing-coverts, and the inner 

 webs of the quills for about half their length, pure white. There is 

 an elongated oblong crimson patch at the base of the lower jaw ; the 

 chin or fore part of the throat is yellowish- white, longitudinally streaked 

 with dusky, the rest of the fore neck and a part of the breast black ; 

 the lower parts and sides brownish-white, transversely barred with 

 black. 



Length to end of tail 15 inches ; bill along the ridge l^^g, along the 

 edge of lower mandible li§ ; wing from flexure 7]% ; tail 5j^^ ; tarsus 

 iV ; hind toe i|, its claw || ; second toe i%, its claw A ; third toe l^^u, 

 its claw 1^2 ; third toe ^"1, its claw j\. 



The specimen from the Columbia River may be described precisely 



